महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-146

संजय उवाच ।
तेषां नूनं भयान्नासौ कृतवान्कुरुनन्दन ।
असांनिध्याद्धि पार्थानां केशवस्य च धीमतः ॥१४६॥

146. saṁjaya uvāca ,
teṣāṁ nūnaṁ bhayānnāsau kṛtavānkurunandana ,
asāṁnidhyāddhi pārthānāṁ keśavasya ca dhīmataḥ.

146. saṃjaya uvāca teṣām nūnam bhayāt na asau kṛtavān
kurunandana asāṃnidhyāt hi pārthānām keśavasya ca dhīmataḥ

146. saṃjaya uvāca kurunandana asau nūnam teṣām bhayāt na
kṛtavān hi pārthānām dhīmataḥ keśavasya ca asāṃnidhyāt

146. Saṃjaya said: O delight of the Kurus, he (Aśvatthāmā) surely did not perform that act out of fear of them. Indeed, it was due to the absence of the Pārthas and the intelligent Keśava (Kṛṣṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of the Pārthas and Keśava (of them, their)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• न (na) - not, no

• असौ (asau) - Aśvatthāmā (he, that one)

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he did, he performed

• कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O delight of the Kurus)

• असांनिध्यात् (asāṁnidhyāt) - due to absence, from the non-presence

• हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

• पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the sons of Pṛthā (the Pāṇḍavas) (of the Pārthas)

• केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Kṛṣṇa (of Keśava)

• च (ca) - and

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the intelligent Keśava (of the intelligent one, wise one)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular perfect tense of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of the Pārthas and Keśava (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, danger

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

असौ (asau) - Aśvatthāmā (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he did, he performed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavant

kṛtavant - one who has done/made

Past Active Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do) with śatṛ suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in this context.

कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O delight of the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurunandana

kurunandana - delight of the Kurus, son of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+nandana)

• kuru – Kuru (ancestor or descendant of Kuru dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, delight, gladdener
  noun (masculine)
  From root nand (to rejoice)
  Root: nand (class 1)

असांनिध्यात् (asāṁnidhyāt) - due to absence, from the non-presence

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of asāṃnidhya

asāṁnidhya - absence, non-presence, lack of proximity

Formed by negation (a-) of saṃnidhya (presence)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃnidhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• saṃnidhya – presence, proximity, nearness
  noun (neuter)
  From sam + ni + root dhā (to place)
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

(indeclinable)

पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the sons of Pṛthā (the Pāṇḍavas) (of the Pārthas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (a name for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī)

केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Kṛṣṇa (of Keśava)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (a name of Kṛṣṇa)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the intelligent Keśava (of the intelligent one, wise one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, clever

Possessive suffix -mat applied to dhī (intellect)