महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-73

क्रोशतां किमिदं कोऽयं किं शब्दः किं नु किं कृतम् ।
एवं तेषां तदा द्रौणिरन्तकः समपद्यत ॥७३॥

73. krośatāṁ kimidaṁ ko'yaṁ kiṁ śabdaḥ kiṁ nu kiṁ kṛtam ,
evaṁ teṣāṁ tadā drauṇirantakaḥ samapadyata.

73. krośatām kim idam kaḥ ayam kim śabdaḥ kim nu kim
kṛtam evam teṣām tadā drauṇiḥ antakaḥ samapadyata

73. tadā drauṇiḥ teṣām krośatām (idam kim,
ayam kaḥ,
śabdaḥ kim,
nu kim,
kṛtam kim) evam antakaḥ samapadyata

73. As they cried out, asking, 'What is this? Who is this? What is this sound? What indeed? What has been done?', Drauṇi then became death (antaka) for them.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोशताम् (krośatām) - of those who were crying out in alarm (of those crying out, of those lamenting, of those screaming)

• किम् (kim) - what (interrogative pronoun) (what, why, whether)

• इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the situation/event) (this, this one)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (interrogative pronoun) (who, which one)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (person) (this, this one)

• किम् (kim) - what (interrogative, qualifying śabdaḥ) (what, which)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (what kind of sound) (sound, noise, word)

• किम् (kim) - what (interrogative) (what, which, why)

• नु (nu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (indeed, now, certainly, then)

• किम् (kim) - what (interrogative, object of action) (what, which)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done (referring to an action) (done, made, performed)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (referring to the questions being asked) (thus, in this manner, so)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (the Pandavas' allies) (of them, to them)

• तदा (tadā) - then (at that moment) (then, at that time)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā) (son of Droṇa, Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā))

• अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - death (personified as destroyer) (destroyer, terminator, bringer of end, Yama (god of death))

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became (death for them) (became, occurred, happened)

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोशताम् (krośatām) - of those who were crying out in alarm (of those crying out, of those lamenting, of those screaming)

(participle)

Genitive, plural of krośat

krośat - crying, screaming, lamenting, shouting

Present Active Participle

From root √kruś (class 1, kruśati) + śatṛ suffix, declining as a noun in 6th case plural.

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adjective/noun in genitive plural.

किम् (kim) - what (interrogative pronoun) (what, why, whether)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why, how

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the situation/event) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

कः (kaḥ) - who (interrogative pronoun) (who, which one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why, how

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

अयम् (ayam) - this (person) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

किम् (kim) - what (interrogative, qualifying śabdaḥ) (what, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why, how

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (what kind of sound) (sound, noise, word)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, language

किम् (kim) - what (interrogative) (what, which, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why, how

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

नु (nu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (indeed, now, certainly, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle used for emphasis or questioning.

किम् (kim) - what (interrogative, object of action) (what, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why, how

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done (referring to an action) (done, made, performed)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root √kṛ (class 8, karoti) + kta suffix. Declining as a noun/adjective.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Can act as an adjective or a noun.

एवम् (evam) - thus (referring to the questions being asked) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (the Pandavas' allies) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

तदा (tadā) - then (at that moment) (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronoun tad + the suffix dā.

Note: Temporal adverb.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā) (son of Droṇa, Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

Derived from Droṇa, meaning 'descendant of Droṇa'.

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāmā.

अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - death (personified as destroyer) (destroyer, terminator, bringer of end, Yama (god of death))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - destroyer, terminator, Yama (god of death), causing end

Agent noun

From anta (end) + ka (suffix for agent).

Note: Here, a predicative nominative.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became (death for them) (became, occurred, happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of samapad

Imperfect Aorist

Root √pad (class 4, padyate) with upasargas sam- + a-.

Prefixes: sam+a

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Past tense, middle voice.