महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-148

एतदीदृशकं वृत्तं राजन्सुप्तजने विभो ।
ततो जनक्षयं कृत्वा पाण्डवानां महात्ययम् ।
दिष्ट्या दिष्ट्येति चान्योन्यं समेत्योचुर्महारथाः ॥१४८॥

148. etadīdṛśakaṁ vṛttaṁ rājansuptajane vibho ,
tato janakṣayaṁ kṛtvā pāṇḍavānāṁ mahātyayam ,
diṣṭyā diṣṭyeti cānyonyaṁ sametyocurmahārathāḥ.

148. etat īdṛśakam vṛttam rājan suptajane
vibho tataḥ janakṣayam kṛtvā
pāṇḍavānām mahātyayam diṣṭyā diṣṭyā iti
ca anyonyam sametya ūcuḥ mahārathāḥ

148. rājan vibho etat īdṛśakam vṛttam
suptajane tataḥ pāṇḍavānām janakṣayam
mahātyayam kṛtvā ca diṣṭyā diṣṭyā
iti anyonyam sametya mahārathāḥ ūcuḥ

148. O King, O mighty one, such was this event among sleeping people. Then, having caused the destruction of the people—a great calamity for the Pāṇḍavas—the great warriors, having come together, exclaimed to each other, 'Fortunately! Fortunately!'

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• ईदृशकम् (īdṛśakam) - such, of this kind

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - event, occurrence, conduct

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• सुप्तजने (suptajane) - among sleeping people, concerning sleeping individuals

• विभो (vibho) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O mighty one, O lord)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• जनक्षयम् (janakṣayam) - destruction of people, loss of life

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having caused

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• महात्ययम् (mahātyayam) - great calamity, huge disaster

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by luck

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by luck

• इति (iti) - introduces a quotation (thus, so)

• च (ca) - and

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• समेत्य (sametya) - having met, having come together

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors, commanders of many chariots

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

ईदृशकम् (īdṛśakam) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of īdṛśaka

īdṛśaka - such, of this kind, like this

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - event, occurrence, conduct

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - occurred, happened; event, occurrence, conduct, narrative

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to happen)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सुप्तजने (suptajane) - among sleeping people, concerning sleeping individuals

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of suptajana

suptajana - sleeping person, sleeping populace

Compound type : karmadhāraya (supta+jana)

• supta – sleeping, asleep
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root svap (to sleep)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used in a collective sense.

विभो (vibho) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O mighty one, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - mighty, powerful; lord, master

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

जनक्षयम् (janakṣayam) - destruction of people, loss of life

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of janakṣaya

janakṣaya - destruction of people, loss of life, massacre

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jana+kṣaya)

• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• kṣaya – destruction, diminution, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi (to destroy)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having caused

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root kṛ with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu

महात्ययम् (mahātyayam) - great calamity, huge disaster

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātyaya

mahātyaya - great calamity, dire distress, great misfortune

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+atyaya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• atyaya – transgression, passing away, calamity, danger
  noun (masculine)
  From ati (over) + root i (to go)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by luck

(indeclinable)

Note: Instrumental case form used adverbially.

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by luck

(indeclinable)

Note: Instrumental case form used adverbially.

इति (iti) - introduces a quotation (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

Note: Can also be an adjective in accusative singular neuter.

समेत्य (sametya) - having met, having come together

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root i with upasarga sam, and suffix -tya

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person plural perfect tense of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors, commanders of many chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, commander of a thousand chariots

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (as one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)