महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-51

प्रासेन विद्ध्वा द्रौणिं तु सुतसोमः प्रतापवान् ।
पुनश्चासिं समुद्यम्य द्रोणपुत्रमुपाद्रवत् ॥५१॥

51. prāsena viddhvā drauṇiṁ tu sutasomaḥ pratāpavān ,
punaścāsiṁ samudyamya droṇaputramupādravat.

51. prāsena viddhvā drauṇim tu sutasomaḥ pratāpavān
punaḥ ca asim samudyamya droṇaputram upādravat

51. tu pratāpavān sutasomaḥ prāsena drauṇim viddhvā
punaḥ ca asim samudyamya droṇaputram upādravat

51. But the powerful Sutasoma, having struck Droṇi (Ashvatthama) with a spear, then again raised his sword and rushed towards Drona's son.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रासेन (prāsena) - with a spear (with a spear, dart)

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having struck (having pierced, having struck, having wounded)

• द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Droṇi (Ashvatthama) (Droṇi (son of Drona, Ashvatthama))

• तु (tu) - but (indicating a shift or contrast) (but, indeed, however)

• सुतसोमः (sutasomaḥ) - Sutasoma (son of Draupadī and Bhīma) (Sutasoma (name of one of Draupadī's sons))

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful (powerful, glorious, majestic)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, then again (again, further, moreover)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• असिम् (asim) - his sword (sword)

• समुद्यम्य (samudyamya) - having raised (wielded) (having raised, having wielded, having lifted)

• द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - Drona's son (Ashvatthama) (son of Drona (Ashvatthama))

• उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - he rushed towards (he rushed towards, he attacked)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रासेन (prāsena) - with a spear (with a spear, dart)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prāsa

prāsa - spear, dart, javelin

Derived from root √as (to throw) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Instrument of 'viddhvā'.

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having struck (having pierced, having struck, having wounded)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root √vyadh (4th class) with suffix -tvā. The 'vyadh' root undergoes samprasarana (y->i).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) indicating a prior action.

द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Droṇi (Ashvatthama) (Droṇi (son of Drona, Ashvatthama))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona, Ashvatthama

Patronymic from Drona.

Note: Object of 'viddhvā'.

तु (tu) - but (indicating a shift or contrast) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

सुतसोमः (sutasomaḥ) - Sutasoma (son of Draupadī and Bhīma) (Sutasoma (name of one of Draupadī's sons))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sutasoma

sutasoma - Sutasoma (son of Bhīma and Draupadī)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful (powerful, glorious, majestic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, majestic, splendid

Derived from 'pratāpa' (power, glory) with possessive suffix '-vat'.

Note: Qualifies 'sutasomaḥ'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, then again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

असिम् (asim) - his sword (sword)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asi

asi - sword, knife

Note: Object of 'samudyamya'.

समुद्यम्य (samudyamya) - having raised (wielded) (having raised, having wielded, having lifted)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root √yam (1st class) 'to restrain, hold' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ud'.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) indicating a prior action.

द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - Drona's son (Ashvatthama) (son of Drona (Ashvatthama))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Drona, Ashvatthama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Drona (name of a preceptor)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'upādravat'. Synonymous with 'drauṇim'.

उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - he rushed towards (he rushed towards, he attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upa-dru

Imperfect 3rd person singular from root √dru (1st class) 'to run' with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: dru (class 1)