महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-85

बन्धनानि च राजेन्द्र संछिद्य तुरगा द्विपाः ।
समं पर्यपतंश्चान्ये कुर्वन्तो महदाकुलम् ॥८५॥

85. bandhanāni ca rājendra saṁchidya turagā dvipāḥ ,
samaṁ paryapataṁścānye kurvanto mahadākulam.

85. bandhanāni ca rājendra saṃchidya turagā dvipāḥ
samam paryapatan ca anye kurvantaḥ mahat ākulam

85. rājendra bandhanāni saṃchidya turagāḥ dvipāḥ ca
anye samam mahat ākulam kurvantaḥ paryapatan ca

85. O best of kings, having broken their bonds, horses, elephants, and other creatures simultaneously ran about, causing great confusion.

Words meanings summery:

• बन्धनानि (bandhanāni) - bonds, fetters, ties

• च (ca) - and, also

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king, O chief of kings

• संछिद्य (saṁchidya) - having cut, having broken, having torn asunder

• तुरगा (turagā) - horses

• द्विपाः (dvipāḥ) - elephants

• समम् (samam) - together, equally, at the same time

• पर्यपतन् (paryapatan) - they ran about, they fell around

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• कुर्वन्तः (kurvantaḥ) - doing, making, causing

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, intense

• आकुलम् (ākulam) - agitated, confused, disturbed; agitation, confusion

Words meanings and morphology

बन्धनानि (bandhanāni) - bonds, fetters, ties

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bandhana

bandhana - a bond, fetter, tie, imprisonment

Derived from root `bandh` (to bind) with suffix `ana`.

Root: bandh (class 1)

Note: Also accusative plural. Context suggests nominative.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king, O chief of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, emperor

From `rājan` (king) + `indra` (chief).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (name of a deity)
  noun (masculine)

संछिद्य (saṁchidya) - having cut, having broken, having torn asunder

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `chid` (to cut) with prefix `sam-` and suffix `-ya`.

Prefix: sam

Root: chid (class 7)

तुरगा (turagā) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse (literally 'swift-mover')

Derived from root `tur` (to hasten) + `ga` (going).

Note: From `turagaḥ` (masc. nom. sing.) -> `turagāḥ` (masc. nom. plu.). The visarga `ḥ` is typically omitted or undergoes sandhi in continuous text.

द्विपाः (dvipāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (literally 'two-drinker', referring to trunk and mouth)

Derived from `dvi` (two) + `pa` (drinker, from root `pā` to drink).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+pa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `pā` (to drink/protect).
  Root: pā (class 1)

समम् (samam) - together, equally, at the same time

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of `sama` (equal).

पर्यपतन् (paryapatan) - they ran about, they fell around

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paryapat

Verb root with prefix.

Formed by prefix `pari-` with root `pat`.

Prefix: pari

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Declines like a pronoun.

Note: Also feminine and neuter forms. Here masculine, referring to other animals/beings.

कुर्वन्तः (kurvantaḥ) - doing, making, causing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛ

kṛ - to do, make, perform

Present Active Participle

From root `kṛ` (to do, make), present stem `kurv-`, suffix `-ant`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `turagā dvipāḥ ca anye`.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, intense

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

Present active participle of `mah` (to grow), used as an adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `ākulam`.

आकुलम् (ākulam) - agitated, confused, disturbed; agitation, confusion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākula

ākula - agitated, confused, disturbed, full of; agitation, confusion (as a noun)

From `ā` + root `kul` (to collect, crowd).

Prefix: ā

Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Functions as the object of `kurvantaḥ`.