महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-20

तस्याव्यक्तां तु तां वाचं संश्रुत्य द्रौणिरब्रवीत् ।
आचार्यघातिनां लोका न सन्ति कुलपांसन ।
तस्माच्छस्त्रेण निधनं न त्वमर्हसि दुर्मते ॥२०॥

20. tasyāvyaktāṁ tu tāṁ vācaṁ saṁśrutya drauṇirabravīt ,
ācāryaghātināṁ lokā na santi kulapāṁsana ,
tasmācchastreṇa nidhanaṁ na tvamarhasi durmate.

20. tasya avyaktām tu tām vācam saṃśrutya
drauṇiḥ abravīt ācāryaghātinām
lokāḥ na santi kulapāṃsana tasmāt
śastreṇa nidhanam na tvam arhasi durmate

20. tu tasya tām avyaktām vācam saṃśrutya
drauṇiḥ abravīt kulapāṃsana
ācāryaghātinām lokāḥ na santi tasmāt
durmate tvam śastreṇa nidhanam na arhasi

20. However, upon hearing his (Dhṛṣṭadyumna's) indistinct voice, Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) replied: 'O disgracer of your family, there are no good worlds (loka) for those who kill their teacher! Therefore, O evil-minded one, you do not deserve to die by a weapon!'

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Dhṛṣṭadyumna's) (his, of that)

• अव्यक्ताम् (avyaktām) - indistinct, unclear, unmanifested

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

• वाचम् (vācam) - voice, speech

• संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having heard well, having listened carefully

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (Droṇa's son)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• आचार्यघातिनाम् (ācāryaghātinām) - of those who kill a teacher

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - good worlds (loka) (worlds, realms)

• न (na) - not

• सन्ति (santi) - they are, exist

• कुलपांसन (kulapāṁsana) - O disgracer of your family

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• शस्त्रेण (śastreṇa) - with a weapon

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction, killing

• न (na) - not

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you deserve, you are worthy

• दुर्मते (durmate) - O evil-minded one, O foolish one

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (Dhṛṣṭadyumna's) (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अव्यक्ताम् (avyaktām) - indistinct, unclear, unmanifested

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avyakta

avyakta - indistinct, unmanifest, unclear

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: a

Root: vyañj (class 7)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वाचम् (vācam) - voice, speech

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - voice, speech, word

संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having heard well, having listened carefully

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

आचार्यघातिनाम् (ācāryaghātinām) - of those who kill a teacher

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ācāryaghātin

ācāryaghātin - killer of a teacher

Agent noun from root han (to kill)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācārya+ghātin)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor, guru
  noun (masculine)
• ghātin – killer, slayer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from han
  Root: han (class 2)

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - good worlds (loka) (worlds, realms)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

सन्ति (santi) - they are, exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

कुलपांसन (kulapāṁsana) - O disgracer of your family

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kulapāṃsana

kulapāṁsana - disgracer of a family, family-destroyer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+pāṃsana)

• kula – family, lineage
  noun (neuter)
• pāṃsana – defiler, disgracer
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Root: pāṃs (class 10)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially

शस्त्रेण (śastreṇa) - with a weapon

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śastra

śastra - weapon, instrument

निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction, killing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, laying down

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you deserve, you are worthy

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

दुर्मते (durmate) - O evil-minded one, O foolish one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish, bad intellect

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• mati – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)