महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-81

तथा स शिबिरं तेषां द्रौणिराहवदुर्मदः ।
व्यक्षोभयत राजेन्द्र महाह्रदमिव द्विपः ॥८१॥

81. tathā sa śibiraṁ teṣāṁ drauṇirāhavadurmadaḥ ,
vyakṣobhayata rājendra mahāhradamiva dvipaḥ.

81. tathā saḥ śibiram teṣām drauṇiḥ āhavadurmadaḥ
vyakṣobhayata rājendra mahāhradām iva dvipaḥ

81. rājendra tathā saḥ drauṇiḥ āhavadurmadaḥ teṣām
śibiram vyakṣobhayata mahāhradām iva dvipaḥ

81. O king, just as an elephant agitates a great lake, so did Drona's son (Drauṇi), intoxicated with battle, disturb their camp.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• सः (saḥ) - Drauṇi (he, that)

• शिबिरम् (śibiram) - camp, encampment

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of the Pāṇḍavas and their allies (of them, their)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Drona)

• आहवदुर्मदः (āhavadurmadaḥ) - excessively arrogant in battle, intoxicated with battle

• व्यक्षोभयत (vyakṣobhayata) - he agitated, he disturbed

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king among kings, O great king)

• महाह्रदाम् (mahāhradām) - a great lake

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• द्विपः (dvipaḥ) - an elephant

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - Drauṇi (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शिबिरम् (śibiram) - camp, encampment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śibira

śibira - camp, encampment, military station

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of the Pāṇḍavas and their allies (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Drona)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona

आहवदुर्मदः (āhavadurmadaḥ) - excessively arrogant in battle, intoxicated with battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhavadurmada

āhavadurmada - one intoxicated with battle, excessively arrogant in war

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āhava+durmada)

• āhava – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  From ā- √hū.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hū (class 1)
• durmada – arrogant, proud, intoxicated, furious
  adjective (masculine)
  From dur- + madana or root mad.
  Prefix: dur
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with drauṇiḥ.

व्यक्षोभयत (vyakṣobhayata) - he agitated, he disturbed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyakṣobhay

Causative Imperfect

Causative stem from vi-√kṣubh. Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada).

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king among kings, O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, sovereign, great king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (chief of devas), lord, best
  noun (masculine)

महाह्रदाम् (mahāhradām) - a great lake

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāhrada

mahāhrada - great lake, large pool

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hrada)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• hrada – lake, pond, deep pool
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hrad (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

द्विपः (dvipaḥ) - an elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (lit. "two-drinker" from nose and mouth)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pa – drinker
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root √pā (to drink).
  Root: pā (class 1)