महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-16

तमुत्पतन्तं शयनादश्वत्थामा महाबलः ।
केशेष्वालम्ब्य पाणिभ्यां निष्पिपेष महीतले ॥१६॥

16. tamutpatantaṁ śayanādaśvatthāmā mahābalaḥ ,
keśeṣvālambya pāṇibhyāṁ niṣpipeṣa mahītale.

16. tam utpatantam śayanāt aśvatthāmā mahābalaḥ
keśeṣu ālambya pāṇibhyām niṣpipeṣa mahītale

16. mahābalaḥ aśvatthāmā śayanāt utpatantam tam
keśeṣu pāṇibhyām ālambya mahītale niṣpipeṣa

16. The mighty Aśvatthāmā, seizing him by the hair with both hands as he sprang up from the bed, crushed him onto the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Kṛpa, who was rising) (him, that)

• उत्पतन्तम् (utpatantam) - him who was springing up (from the bed) (rising up, springing up, flying up)

• शयनात् (śayanāt) - from the bed (from the bed, from sleep)

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (Aśvatthāmā (proper name))

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty one (Aśvatthāmā) (mighty, greatly powerful)

• केशेषु (keśeṣu) - by the hair (locative plural used instrumentally) (in/on the hairs, by the hairs)

• आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having seized (him) (having grasped, having seized, having relied on)

• पाणिभ्याम् (pāṇibhyām) - with both hands (with two hands, by two hands)

• निष्पिपेष (niṣpipeṣa) - he crushed (him) (he crushed, he ground, he pulverized)

• महीतले (mahītale) - onto the ground (on the surface of the earth, on the ground)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Kṛpa, who was rising) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उत्पतन्तम् (utpatantam) - him who was springing up (from the bed) (rising up, springing up, flying up)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of utpatat

utpatat - rising, springing, flying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall, fly) with prefix ut

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

शयनात् (śayanāt) - from the bed (from the bed, from sleep)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - bed, couch, sleeping

Root: śī (class 2)

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (Aśvatthāmā (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāmā

aśvatthāmā - name of Drona's son, a powerful warrior

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty one (Aśvatthāmā) (mighty, greatly powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

केशेषु (keśeṣu) - by the hair (locative plural used instrumentally) (in/on the hairs, by the hairs)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of keśa

keśa - hair

Note: Implies holding 'by means of the hair'.

आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having seized (him) (having grasped, having seized, having relied on)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √lamb (to hang, cling) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: lamb (class 1)

पाणिभ्याम् (pāṇibhyām) - with both hands (with two hands, by two hands)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

Note: Also used for dative/ablative dual. Here instrumental.

निष्पिपेष (niṣpipeṣa) - he crushed (him) (he crushed, he ground, he pulverized)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of niṣpiṣ

Perfect tense (liṭ), 3rd person singular, active voice.

Derived from root √piṣ (to crush, grind) with prefix nis. Reduplicated form of √piṣ.

Prefix: nis

Root: piṣ (class 7)

महीतले (mahītale) - onto the ground (on the surface of the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahītala

mahītala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+tala)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plane, ground, base
  noun (neuter)