महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-46

ततस्तेन निनादेन संप्रबुद्धाः प्रभद्रकाः ।
शिलीमुखैः शिखण्डी च द्रोणपुत्रं समार्दयन् ॥४६॥

46. tatastena ninādena saṁprabuddhāḥ prabhadrakāḥ ,
śilīmukhaiḥ śikhaṇḍī ca droṇaputraṁ samārdayan.

46. tataḥ tena ninādena samprabuddhāḥ prabhadrakāḥ
| śilīmukhaiḥ śikhaṇḍī ca droṇaputram samārdayan

46. tataḥ tena ninādena samprabuddhāḥ prabhadrakāḥ,
śikhaṇḍī ca,
śilīmukhaiḥ droṇaputram samārdayan

46. Then, awakened by that sound, the Prabhadrakas and Shikhandi tormented Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman) with arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• तेन (tena) - by that

• निनादेन (ninādena) - by the sound, by the roar

• सम्प्रबुद्धाः (samprabuddhāḥ) - fully awakened, fully aroused

• प्रभद्रकाः (prabhadrakāḥ) - the Prabhadrakas (a warrior tribe or group)

• शिलीमुखैः (śilīmukhaiḥ) - with arrows

• शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhandi (name of a warrior)

• च (ca) - and

• द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman) (Droṇa's son)

• समार्दयन् (samārdayan) - they tormented, they afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निनादेन (ninādena) - by the sound, by the roar

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nināda

nināda - sound, roar, cry, noise

सम्प्रबुद्धाः (samprabuddhāḥ) - fully awakened, fully aroused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samprabuddha

samprabuddha - fully awakened, completely conscious, enlightened

Past Passive Participle

derived from the root budh (to wake, know) with upasargas sam- and pra-

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: budh (class 1)

प्रभद्रकाः (prabhadrakāḥ) - the Prabhadrakas (a warrior tribe or group)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prabhadraka

prabhadraka - name of a people, a warrior group

शिलीमुखैः (śilīmukhaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śilīmukha

śilīmukha - arrow; literally 'bee' or 'mouth of a rock'

शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhandi (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhandi (a warrior from the Mahabharata, reborn as a woman, later male)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman) (Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

Compound type : tatpurusha (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (a teacher of the Pandavas and Kauravas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

समार्दयन् (samārdayan) - they tormented, they afflicted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of samārdaya

causative of root ṛd with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛd (class 10)