मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-80
ऋषयः पितरो देवा भूतान्यतिथयस्तथा ।
आशासते कुटुम्बिभ्यस्तेभ्यः कार्यं विजानता ॥८०॥
आशासते कुटुम्बिभ्यस्तेभ्यः कार्यं विजानता ॥८०॥
80. ṛṣayaḥ pitaro devā bhūtānyatithayastathā ,
āśāsate kuṭumbibhyastebhyaḥ kāryaṁ vijānatā.
āśāsate kuṭumbibhyastebhyaḥ kāryaṁ vijānatā.
80.
ṛṣayaḥ pitaraḥ devāḥ bhūtāni atithayaḥ tathā
āśāsate kuṭumbibhyaḥ tebhyaḥ kāryam vijānatā
āśāsate kuṭumbibhyaḥ tebhyaḥ kāryam vijānatā
80.
ṛṣayaḥ pitaraḥ devāḥ bhūtāni atithayaḥ tathā
kuṭumbibhyaḥ āśāsate tebhyaḥ kāryam vijānatā
kuṭumbibhyaḥ āśāsate tebhyaḥ kāryam vijānatā
80.
Sages, ancestors, gods, various beings, and guests—all similarly expect (sustenance) from householders. Therefore, a discerning person should fulfill their duties towards them.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers
- पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors, fathers
- देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities
- भूतानि (bhūtāni) - refers to all other living creatures or spirits. (beings, creatures, elements)
- अतिथयः (atithayaḥ) - guests
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, and, thus
- आशासते (āśāsate) - they expect support or sustenance (they expect, they wish for, they hope for)
- कुटुम्बिभ्यः (kuṭumbibhyaḥ) - from householders, for householders
- तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - refers to the sages, ancestors, gods, beings, and guests. (for them, from them)
- कार्यम् (kāryam) - the duty of providing sustenance and support (duty, work, something to be done)
- विजानता (vijānatā) - by one who knows, by the discerning
Words meanings and morphology
ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi
ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic singer
पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors, fathers
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor; the Manes or spirits of deceased ancestors
देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity, divine being
Root: div (class 1)
भूतानि (bhūtāni) - refers to all other living creatures or spirits. (beings, creatures, elements)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta
bhūta - being, creature, element; past
Past Passive Participle
From root bhū (to be, exist)
Root: bhū (class 1)
अतिथयः (atithayaḥ) - guests
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of atithi
atithi - guest, visitor, stranger
तथा (tathā) - similarly, and, thus
(indeclinable)
आशासते (āśāsate) - they expect support or sustenance (they expect, they wish for, they hope for)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of śās
Prefix: ā
Root: śās (class 2)
कुटुम्बिभ्यः (kuṭumbibhyaḥ) - from householders, for householders
(noun)
masculine, plural of kuṭumbin
kuṭumbin - householder, one having a family
तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - refers to the sages, ancestors, gods, beings, and guests. (for them, from them)
(pronoun)
masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
कार्यम् (kāryam) - the duty of providing sustenance and support (duty, work, something to be done)
(noun)
neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, business
Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)
From root kṛ (to do) + ṇyat suffix
Root: kṛ (class 8)
विजानता (vijānatā) - by one who knows, by the discerning
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vijānat
vijānat - knowing, discerning, wise
Present Active Participle
Formed from vi- + root jñā (to know) + śatṛ suffix
Prefix: vi
Root: jñā (class 9)