मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-216
न्युप्य पिण्डांस्ततस्तांस्तु प्रयतो विधिपूर्वकम ।
तेषु दर्भेषु तं हस्तं निर्मृज्याल्लेपभागिनाम ॥२१६॥
तेषु दर्भेषु तं हस्तं निर्मृज्याल्लेपभागिनाम ॥२१६॥
216. nyupya piṇḍāṁstatastāṁstu prayato vidhipūrvakam ,
teṣu darbheṣu taṁ hastaṁ nirmṛjyāllepabhāginām.
teṣu darbheṣu taṁ hastaṁ nirmṛjyāllepabhāginām.
216.
nyupyya piṇḍān-tatastāṁś-tu prayataḥ vidhipūrvakam
| teṣu darbhēṣu tam hastaṁ nirmṛjyāt-alepabhāginām
| teṣu darbhēṣu tam hastaṁ nirmṛjyāt-alepabhāginām
216.
After placing those balls (pindān), a person who is careful (prayataḥ) and follows the ritual (vidhipūrvakam) should wipe his hand on those blades of grass (darbheṣu) that are meant for those who partake of the residue (lepabhāginām).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न्युप्य्य (nyupyya) - having placed down, having put
- पिण्डान् (piṇḍān) - referring to offerings made to ancestors or deities (balls (of food or rice))
- ततस्तान् (tatastān) - then those
- तु (tu) - a particle for emphasis or contrast (but, and, however)
- प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - describing the performer's state of mind and action (careful, restrained, pure, devout)
- विधिपूर्वकम् (vidhipūrvakam) - following the ritual, according to the rite
- तेषु (teṣu) - referring to the blades of grass (in those)
- दर्भेषु (darbhēṣu) - sacred grass used in rituals (on the darbha grass)
- तम् (tam) - referring to the hand (that, him)
- हस्तं (hastaṁ) - hand
- निर्मृज्यात् (nirmṛjyāt) - should wipe, should clean
- अलेपभागिनाम् (alepabhāginām) - referring to specific recipients of the ritual offering (of those who partake of the residue)
Words meanings and morphology
न्युप्य्य (nyupyya) - having placed down, having put
(indeclinable)
gerund/absolutive
Absolutive form of a root related to placing, likely with prefixes.
Note: Gerund indicating a prior action.
पिण्डान् (piṇḍān) - referring to offerings made to ancestors or deities (balls (of food or rice))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, accusative of piṇḍa
piṇḍa - lump, ball, cake, mass, body, offering (especially to ancestors)
Note: Accusative plural, object of 'nyupyya'.
ततस्तान् (tatastān) - then those
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, accusative of tad
tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Combines 'tatas' (then, from that) and 'tān' (those, accusative plural).
तु (tu) - a particle for emphasis or contrast (but, and, however)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - describing the performer's state of mind and action (careful, restrained, pure, devout)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prayata
prayata - restrained, controlled, pure, devout, careful
past passive participle
Past passive participle of the root 'yam' (to hold, to restrain) with prefix 'pra-' (forth, intensely).
Prefix: pra
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Nominative singular, describing the subject.
विधिपूर्वकम् (vidhipūrvakam) - following the ritual, according to the rite
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vidhipūrvaka
vidhipūrvaka - preceded by rule, done according to ritual, following the prescribed method
Compound of 'vidhi' (rule, rite) and 'pūrva' (before, preceding).
Compound type : tatpurusha (vidhi+pūrva)
- vidhi – rule, law, method, rite, procedure, manner
noun (masculine)
From the root 'vidh' (to ordain, to appoint).
Root: vidh (class 2) - pūrva – former, preceding, east
adjective (masculine)
Note: Accusative singular, used adverbially to describe the action.
तेषु (teṣu) - referring to the blades of grass (in those)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Locative plural, referring to the darbha grass.
दर्भेषु (darbhēṣu) - sacred grass used in rituals (on the darbha grass)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of darbha
darbha - a type of sacred grass (Poa cynosuroides), used in rituals
Note: Locative plural, indicating the surface where the hand is wiped.
तम् (tam) - referring to the hand (that, him)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Accusative singular, object of 'nirmṛjyāt'.
हस्तं (hastaṁ) - hand
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of hasta
hasta - hand, arm, trunk (of an elephant)
Note: Accusative singular, object of 'nirmṛjyāt'.
निर्मृज्यात् (nirmṛjyāt) - should wipe, should clean
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of mṛj
imperative or benedictive
Root 'mṛj' (to wipe) with prefix 'nir-' (out, completely).
Prefix: nir
Root: mṛj (class 2)
Note: Third person singular optative, indicating a recommendation.
अलेपभागिनाम् (alepabhāginām) - referring to specific recipients of the ritual offering (of those who partake of the residue)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, genitive of alepabhāgin
alepabhāgin - one who receives a share of the residue (lepa)
Compound of 'a-' (negation), 'lepa' (residue, paste) and 'bhāgin' (partaker, sharer). Note: The negation here might be interpreted as emphasizing 'those who are entitled to the residue' rather than 'those who are not'. A more direct reading would be from 'lepa' (residue) and 'bhāgin' (partaker). The form might be a poetic license.
Compound type : tatpurusha (a+lepa+bhāgin)
- a – not, un- (negating prefix)
indeclinable - lepa – smear, paste, residue, unguent
noun (masculine)
From the root 'lip' (to smear).
Root: lip (class 6) - bhāgin – partaker, sharer, recipient of a share
noun (masculine)
Derived from 'bhāga' (part, share).
Note: Genitive plural, indicating possession or relation. The interpretation 'partakers of the residue' fits the context better than 'non-partakers of the residue'.