मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-213
अक्रोधनान सुप्रसादान वदन्त्येतान पुरातनान ।
लोकस्याप्यायने युक्तान श्राद्धदेवान द्विजोत्तमान ॥२१३॥
लोकस्याप्यायने युक्तान श्राद्धदेवान द्विजोत्तमान ॥२१३॥
213. akrodhanān suprasādān vadantyetān purātanān ,
lokasyāpyāyane yuktān śrāddhadevān dvijottamān.
lokasyāpyāyane yuktān śrāddhadevān dvijottamān.
213.
akrodhanāna suprasādāna vadanti-etāna purātanāna |
lokasyāpyāyane yuktāna śrāddhadevana dvijottamāna
lokasyāpyāyane yuktāna śrāddhadevana dvijottamāna
213.
These ancient ones, who are not angry and are very pleased, are spoken of as being engaged in pleasing the world. They are the honored guests (śrāddhadevas) at funeral rites, the best among the twice-born (dvi-jottama).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अक्रोधनान (akrodhanāna) - not angry, free from anger
- सुप्रसादान (suprasādāna) - very pleased, well-disposed
- वदन्ति-एतान (vadanti-etāna) - they say these
- पुरातनान (purātanāna) - ancient, old
- लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world
- आप्यायने (āpyāyane) - in pleasing, in satisfying, in refreshing
- युक्तान (yuktāna) - engaged in, devoted to, connected with
- श्राद्धदेवन (śrāddhadevana) - deities of funeral rites, honored guests at funeral rites
- द्विजोत्तमान (dvijottamāna) - the best among the twice-born
Words meanings and morphology
अक्रोधनान (akrodhanāna) - not angry, free from anger
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, accusative of akrodhana
akrodhana - not angry, free from anger
Compounded with the negative prefix 'a-' and the noun 'krodha' (anger).
Note: Plural accusative form.
सुप्रसादान (suprasādāna) - very pleased, well-disposed
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, accusative of suprasāda
suprasāda - great pleasure, great satisfaction, much favour, appeasement
Compounded with the prefix 'su-' (well) and the noun 'prasāda' (clearness, serenity, favour).
Note: Plural accusative form, referring to the state of being pleased. Used adjectivally here.
वदन्ति-एतान (vadanti-etāna) - they say these
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad
present participle
Root 'vad' conjugated in the present tense, third person plural active.
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: The verb 'vadanti' (they say) governs the accusative 'etāna' (these).
पुरातनान (purātanāna) - ancient, old
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, accusative of purātana
purātana - ancient, very old, belonging to former times
Derived from 'purā' (before, formerly).
Note: Plural accusative form, modifying 'etāna' (these).
लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, universe, people, realm
Note: Genitive singular, indicating possession or relation.
आप्यायने (āpyāyane) - in pleasing, in satisfying, in refreshing
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of āpyāyana
āpyāyana - satisfaction, gratification, refreshment, cheering up
gerundive
From the root 'pyai' (to be full, to swell) with prefix 'ā-' and suffix '-na'.
Prefix: ā
Root: pyai (class 4)
Note: Locative singular, indicating the sphere or purpose ('in pleasing').
युक्तान (yuktāna) - engaged in, devoted to, connected with
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, accusative of yukta
yukta - joined, united, connected, engaged, skilled, proper, appropriate
past passive participle
Past passive participle of the root 'yuñj' (to yoke, to join, to unite).
Root: yuñj (class 2)
Note: Plural accusative, modifying 'etāna' (these).
श्राद्धदेवन (śrāddhadevana) - deities of funeral rites, honored guests at funeral rites
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, accusative of śrāddhadevas
śrāddhadevas - honored guests at a śraddha (funeral rite), often referring to the ancestors or deities invoked
Compound of 'śrāddha' (related to śraddha, funeral rite) and 'devas' (gods, divine beings, guests).
Compound type : tatpurusha (śrāddha+deva)
- śrāddha – related to śraddha (funeral rite, oblation to ancestors), performed with faith
adjective (masculine)
Derived from 'śraddhā' (faith). - deva – god, divine being, deity, celestial
noun (masculine)
Note: Plural accusative, referring to the honored guests at funeral rites.
द्विजोत्तमान (dvijottamāna) - the best among the twice-born
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, accusative of dvijottama
dvijottama - the best among the twice-born (dvija), i.e., the best Brahmin
Compound of 'dvi-ja' (twice-born) and 'uttama' (best).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth, snake
noun (masculine)
Literally 'born twice'. Refers to the investiture with the sacred thread for the upper three varnas, or birth from an egg, or birth from a mother. - uttama – best, highest, excellent, supreme
adjective (masculine)
Note: Plural accusative, referring to the best among the twice-born, i.e., Brahmins.