मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-114
सुवासिनीः कुमारीश्च रोगिणो गर्भिणीः स्त्रियः ।
अतिथिभ्योऽग्र एवैतान भोजयेदविचारयन ॥११४॥
अतिथिभ्योऽग्र एवैतान भोजयेदविचारयन ॥११४॥
114. suvāsinīḥ kumārīśca rogiṇo garbhiṇīḥ striyaḥ ,
atithibhyo'gra evaitān bhojayedavicārayan.
atithibhyo'gra evaitān bhojayedavicārayan.
114.
suvāsinīḥ kumārīḥ ca rogiṇaḥ garbhiṇīḥ striyaḥ
atithibhyaḥ agraḥ eva etān bhojayet avicārayan
atithibhyaḥ agraḥ eva etān bhojayet avicārayan
114.
avicārayan atithibhyaḥ agraḥ eva suvāsinīḥ ca
kumārīḥ rogiṇaḥ garbhiṇīḥ striyaḥ etān bhojayet
kumārīḥ rogiṇaḥ garbhiṇīḥ striyaḥ etān bhojayet
114.
Without hesitation, one should feed these—married women, unmarried girls, the sick, and pregnant women—even before the general guests.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सुवासिनीः (suvāsinīḥ) - married women (married women (whose husbands are alive))
- कुमारीः (kumārīḥ) - unmarried girls (unmarried girls, virgins)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- रोगिणः (rogiṇaḥ) - sick persons (sick persons, diseased ones)
- गर्भिणीः (garbhiṇīḥ) - pregnant women
- स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women
- अतिथिभ्यः (atithibhyaḥ) - than (general) guests (to guests, for guests, from guests)
- अग्रः (agraḥ) - before (front, tip, first)
- एव (eva) - even (only, just, indeed, even)
- एतान् (etān) - these (persons) (these (masculine accusative plural))
- भोजयेत् (bhojayet) - one should feed (one should feed, he should cause to eat)
- अविचारयन् (avicārayan) - without hesitation (not reflecting, not considering, without hesitation)
Words meanings and morphology
सुवासिनीः (suvāsinīḥ) - married women (married women (whose husbands are alive))
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of suvāsinī
suvāsinī - married woman (whose husband and children are alive), a happy woman
Prefix: su
Root: vas (class 1)
कुमारीः (kumārīḥ) - unmarried girls (unmarried girls, virgins)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of kumārī
kumārī - girl, virgin, unmarried woman, daughter
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
रोगिणः (rogiṇaḥ) - sick persons (sick persons, diseased ones)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of rogin
rogin - sick, diseased, a sick person
Root: ruj (class 6)
Note: Accusative plural of 'rogin'.
गर्भिणीः (garbhiṇīḥ) - pregnant women
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of garbhiṇī
garbhiṇī - pregnant woman
स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of strī
strī - woman, female
Root: stṛ (class 5)
Note: Collects the preceding feminine categories.
अतिथिभ्यः (atithibhyaḥ) - than (general) guests (to guests, for guests, from guests)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of atithi
atithi - guest, stranger, one who comes without fixed date
Root: at (class 1)
Note: Ablative is used to denote comparison with 'agraḥ eva' (even before).
अग्रः (agraḥ) - before (front, tip, first)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of agra
agra - front, top, tip, first, beginning
Note: 'agra eva' means "even before", takes ablative.
एव (eva) - even (only, just, indeed, even)
(indeclinable)
एतान् (etān) - these (persons) (these (masculine accusative plural))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to the previously mentioned categories, grammatically masculine.
भोजयेत् (bhojayet) - one should feed (one should feed, he should cause to eat)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhuj
Causative Optative
From root 'bhuj' (to eat/enjoy), causative stem 'bhojay-' + optative ending.
Root: bhuj (class 7)
अविचारयन् (avicārayan) - without hesitation (not reflecting, not considering, without hesitation)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avicārayat
avicārayat - not thinking, not considering, without reflection
Present Active Participle
From 'a-vi-car' (to not reflect), causative stem 'vicāray-'.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vicārayat)
- a – not, un-, non-
indeclinable
negative prefix - vicārayat – reflecting, considering, causing to move
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle (causative)
From 'vi-car' causative. Masculine singular nominative.
Prefix: vi
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'bhojayet'.