मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-153
प्रेष्यो ग्रामस्य राज्ञश्च कुनखी श्यावदन्तकः ।
प्रतिरोद्धा गुरोश्चैव त्यक्ताग्निर्वार्धुषिस्तथा ॥१५३॥
प्रतिरोद्धा गुरोश्चैव त्यक्ताग्निर्वार्धुषिस्तथा ॥१५३॥
153. preṣyo grāmasya rājñaśca kunakhī śyāvadantakaḥ ,
pratiroddhā guroścaiva tyaktāgnirvārdhuṣistathā.
pratiroddhā guroścaiva tyaktāgnirvārdhuṣistathā.
153.
preṣyo grāmasya rājñaḥ ca kunakhī śyāvadantakaḥ
pratirodhāḥ guroḥ ca eva tyaktāgniḥ vārḍhuṣiḥ tathā
pratirodhāḥ guroḥ ca eva tyaktāgniḥ vārḍhuṣiḥ tathā
153.
preṣyaḥ grāmasya rājñaḥ ca kunakhī śyāvadantakaḥ
pratirodhāḥ guroḥ ca eva tyaktāgniḥ vārḍhuṣiḥ ca tathā
pratirodhāḥ guroḥ ca eva tyaktāgniḥ vārḍhuṣiḥ ca tathā
153.
Those who are to be sent forth (are) messengers for the village and the king, one with diseased nails, one with blackened teeth, one who obstructs the preceptor (guru), one who has abandoned the ritual fire (agni), and a usurer.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्रेष्यः (preṣyaḥ) - one to be sent forth (one to be sent, messenger, servant)
- ग्रामस्य (grāmasya) - of the village
- राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king
- च (ca) - and, also, too
- कुनखी (kunakhī) - one with diseased nails
- श्यावदन्तकः (śyāvadantakaḥ) - one with blackened teeth
- प्रतिरोधाः (pratirodhāḥ) - one who obstructs (one who obstructs, hindrance)
- गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the preceptor (of the teacher, of the preceptor)
- च (ca) - and, also, too
- एव (eva) - indeed, even, only, itself
- त्यक्ताग्निः (tyaktāgniḥ) - one who has abandoned the ritual fire (agni) (one who has abandoned the fire)
- वार्ढुषिः (vārḍhuṣiḥ) - a usurer (usurer, moneylender)
- तथा (tathā) - so, thus, also, in that way
Words meanings and morphology
प्रेष्यः (preṣyaḥ) - one to be sent forth (one to be sent, messenger, servant)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of preṣya
preṣya - one to be sent, messenger, servant, pupil
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'preṣ' (to send) with the suffix 'ya'.
Prefix: pra
Root: preṣ (class 10)
ग्रामस्य (grāmasya) - of the village
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of grāma
grāma - village, hamlet, group, collection
राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
From the root 'rañj' (to be delighted, to color).
Root: rañj (class 2)
च (ca) - and, also, too
(indeclinable)
कुनखी (kunakhī) - one with diseased nails
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kunakhī
kunakhī - one with diseased or bad nails
Compound of 'ku' (bad) and 'nakha' (nail).
Compound type : tatpurusha (ku+nakha)
- ku – bad, evil, difficult
indeclinable - nakha – nail, claw
noun (masculine)
श्यावदन्तकः (śyāvadantakaḥ) - one with blackened teeth
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śyāvadantaka
śyāvadantaka - one with blackened or dark teeth
Compound of 'śyāva' (dark, black, dusky) and 'dantaka' (having teeth).
Compound type : tatpurusha (śyāva+dantaka)
- śyāva – dark, black, dusky, brown
adjective (masculine) - dantaka – having teeth, toothy
adjective (masculine)
Derived from 'danta' (tooth) with suffix 'ka'.
प्रतिरोधाः (pratirodhāḥ) - one who obstructs (one who obstructs, hindrance)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pratirodha
pratirodha - obstruction, impediment, resistance
Nominal
From the root 'rudh' (to obstruct) with prefix 'prati'.
Prefix: prati
Root: rudh (class 2)
गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the preceptor (of the teacher, of the preceptor)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of guru
guru - heavy, weighty, important, teacher, preceptor, elder
From the root 'gṛ' (to lift, to swallow) or 'gur' (to praise).
Root: gṛ (class 3)
च (ca) - and, also, too
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, even, only, itself
(indeclinable)
त्यक्ताग्निः (tyaktāgniḥ) - one who has abandoned the ritual fire (agni) (one who has abandoned the fire)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tyaktāgni
tyaktāgni - one who has abandoned the sacred fire
Past Passive Participle (part of compound)
Compound of 'tyakta' (abandoned) and 'agni' (fire).
Compound type : tatpurusha (tyakta+agni)
- tyakta – abandoned, forsaken, given up
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From the root 'tyaj' (to abandon) with suffix 'kta'.
Root: tyaj (class 1) - agni – fire, god of fire, ritual fire
noun (masculine)
Root: añj (class 1)
वार्ढुषिः (vārḍhuṣiḥ) - a usurer (usurer, moneylender)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vārḍhuṣi
vārḍhuṣi - usurer, moneylender, one who lends at exorbitant interest
Derived from 'vardh' (to increase) with suffix 'uṣi'.
Root: vardh (class 1)
तथा (tathā) - so, thus, also, in that way
(indeclinable)
Compound of 'tad' (that) and 'thā' (manner suffix).