मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-197
सोमपा नाम विप्राणां क्षत्रियाणां हविर्भुजः ।
वैश्यानामाज्यपा नाम शूद्राणां तु सुकालिनः ॥१९७॥
वैश्यानामाज्यपा नाम शूद्राणां तु सुकालिनः ॥१९७॥
197. somapā nāma viprāṇāṁ kṣatriyāṇāṁ havirbhujaḥ ,
vaiśyānāmājyapā nāma śūdrāṇāṁ tu sukālinaḥ.
vaiśyānāmājyapā nāma śūdrāṇāṁ tu sukālinaḥ.
197.
somapā nāma viprāṇāṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ havirbhujah
vaiśyānāmājyapā nāma śūdrāṇāṃ tu sukālinaḥ
vaiśyānāmājyapā nāma śūdrāṇāṃ tu sukālinaḥ
197.
Among Brahmins, those who drink soma (somapā) are named so. Among Kshatriyas, those who consume offerings (havirbhujah). Among Vaishyas, those named Ājyapā (drink of ghee), and among Shudras, the Sukālinah.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सोमपा (somapā) - those among Brahmins who drink soma (drinker of soma)
- नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name)
- विप्राणाम् (viprāṇām) - of the Brahmins
- क्षत्रियाणाम् (kṣatriyāṇām) - of the Kshatriyas
- हविर्भुजह् (havirbhujah) - those among Kshatriyas who consume offerings (eater of offerings)
- वैश्यानाम् (vaiśyānām) - of the Vaishyas
- आज्यपा (ājyapā) - those among Vaishyas who drink ghee (as an offering or ritual element) (drinker of ghee)
- नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name)
- शूद्राणाम् (śūdrāṇām) - of the Shudras
- तु (tu) - and (but, however, and)
- सुकालिनः (sukālinaḥ) - those among Shudras referred to by this name, possibly indicating those who perform auspicious rites or are timely in their duties (those who perform well, those who are timely)
Words meanings and morphology
सोमपा (somapā) - those among Brahmins who drink soma (drinker of soma)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of somapā
somapā - a drinker of soma, a class of manes
Compound type : kvip-samāsa (soma+pā)
- soma – the moon plant, the intoxicating juice of the soma plant, a Vedic ritual drink
noun (masculine) - pā – to drink
verb (masculine)
Active Participle
from root pā (to drink) with kvip suffix
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: Used here as a descriptive class name.
नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name)
(indeclinable)
विप्राणाम् (viprāṇām) - of the Brahmins
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of vipra
vipra - priest, Brahmin, wise man, learned person
क्षत्रियाणाम् (kṣatriyāṇām) - of the Kshatriyas
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - warrior, ruler, a member of the second varna
हविर्भुजह् (havirbhujah) - those among Kshatriyas who consume offerings (eater of offerings)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of havirbhuj
havirbhuj - eater of sacrificial offerings, a class of manes
Compound type : kvip-samāsa (haviḥ+bhuj)
- haviḥ – oblation, sacrificial offering
noun (neuter) - bhuj – to eat, to enjoy
verb (masculine)
Active Participle
from root bhuj (to eat) with kvip suffix
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Used here as a descriptive class name.
वैश्यानाम् (vaiśyānām) - of the Vaishyas
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of vaiśya
vaiśya - a merchant, a farmer, a member of the third varna
आज्यपा (ājyapā) - those among Vaishyas who drink ghee (as an offering or ritual element) (drinker of ghee)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ājyapā
ājyapā - a drinker of ghee, a class of manes
Compound type : kvip-samāsa (ājya+pā)
- ājya – clarified butter, ghee
noun (neuter) - pā – to drink
verb (masculine)
Active Participle
from root pā (to drink) with kvip suffix
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: Used here as a descriptive class name.
नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name)
(indeclinable)
शूद्राणाम् (śūdrāṇām) - of the Shudras
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of śūdra
śūdra - a laborer, a servant, a member of the fourth varna
तु (tu) - and (but, however, and)
(indeclinable)
सुकालिनः (sukālinaḥ) - those among Shudras referred to by this name, possibly indicating those who perform auspicious rites or are timely in their duties (those who perform well, those who are timely)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sukālina
sukālina - one who performs well or in good time, a class of manes
Note: Used here as a descriptive class name.