मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-221
पिता यस्य निवृत्तः स्याज जीवेच्चापि पितामहः ।
पितुः स नाम सङ्कीर्त्य कीर्तयेत प्रपितामहम ॥२२१॥
पितुः स नाम सङ्कीर्त्य कीर्तयेत प्रपितामहम ॥२२१॥
221. pitā yasya nivṛttaḥ syāj jīveccāpi pitāmahaḥ ,
pituḥ sa nāma saṅkīrtya kīrtayet prapitāmaham.
pituḥ sa nāma saṅkīrtya kīrtayet prapitāmaham.
221.
pitā yasya nivṛttaḥ syāj jīvecchāpi pitāmahaḥ
| pituḥ sa nāma saṅkīrtya kīrtayet prapitāmaham
| pituḥ sa nāma saṅkīrtya kīrtayet prapitāmaham
221.
If one's father has passed away, and even one's paternal grandfather is alive, one should mention the name of the father and then invoke the great-grandfather.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पिता (pitā) - father
- यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom
- निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - passed away (ceased, departed, gone, stopped)
- स्याज् (syāj) - has passed away (would be, might be, should be)
- जीवेच्छापि (jīvecchāpi) - and even if he is alive (even if he lives)
- पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - paternal grandfather (grandfather)
- पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father
- सः (saḥ) - one (referring to the person performing the ritual) (he, that)
- नाम (nāma) - name
- सङ्कीर्त्य (saṅkīrtya) - mentioning (having proclaimed, having recited, having mentioned)
- कीर्तयेत् (kīrtayet) - invoke (should mention, should proclaim)
- प्रपितामहम् (prapitāmaham) - great-grandfather
Words meanings and morphology
पिता (pitā) - father
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - passed away (ceased, departed, gone, stopped)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta
nivṛtta - ceased, stopped, departed, gone
Past Passive Participle
From the root √vṛt (to turn, go) with the prefix ni- (down, off).
Prefix: ni-
Root: vṛt (class 1)
स्याज् (syāj) - has passed away (would be, might be, should be)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (si S) of as
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Forms the potential mood (optative). The 'j' indicates a specific form of the optative.
जीवेच्छापि (jīvecchāpi) - and even if he is alive (even if he lives)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (si S) of jīvet api
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Compound of jīvet (optative of √jīv) and api (even, also).
पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - paternal grandfather (grandfather)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha
pitāmaha - grandfather
Compound of pitṛ (father) and mah (great).
पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
सः (saḥ) - one (referring to the person performing the ritual) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it
नाम (nāma) - name
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman
nāman - name
सङ्कीर्त्य (saṅkīrtya) - mentioning (having proclaimed, having recited, having mentioned)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From the root √kṛ (to do, make) with prefixes sam- (together) and ā- (prefix, here part of compound), plus yá (suffix for gerund).
Prefixes: sam-+kīrt
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Absolutive form indicating action completed before the main verb.
कीर्तयेत् (kīrtayet) - invoke (should mention, should proclaim)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (si S) of kīrtayet
Root: kīrt (class 1)
Note: Optative mood of the root √kīrt.
प्रपितामहम् (prapitāmaham) - great-grandfather
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prapitāmaha
prapitāmaha - great-grandfather
Compound of pra- (prefix indicating 'great' or 'forward') and pitāmaha (grandfather).