मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-79
स संधार्यः प्रयत्नेन स्वर्गमक्षयमिच्छता ।
सुखं चेहेच्छताऽत्यन्तं योऽधार्यो दुर्बलेन्द्रियैः ॥७९॥
सुखं चेहेच्छताऽत्यन्तं योऽधार्यो दुर्बलेन्द्रियैः ॥७९॥
79. sa saṁdhāryaḥ prayatnena svargamakṣayamicchatā ,
sukhaṁ cehecchatā'tyantaṁ yo'dhāryo durbalendriyaiḥ.
sukhaṁ cehecchatā'tyantaṁ yo'dhāryo durbalendriyaiḥ.
79.
saḥ saṃdhāryaḥ prayatnena svargam akṣayam icchatā sukham
ca iha icchatā atyantam yaḥ adhāryaḥ durbalendriyaiḥ
ca iha icchatā atyantam yaḥ adhāryaḥ durbalendriyaiḥ
79.
svargam akṣayam icchatā iha ca atyantam sukham icchatā
prayatnena saḥ saṃdhāryaḥ yaḥ durbalendriyaiḥ adhāryaḥ
prayatnena saḥ saṃdhāryaḥ yaḥ durbalendriyaiḥ adhāryaḥ
79.
That stage of life (of a householder) must be diligently maintained by one who desires imperishable heaven and also wishes for ultimate happiness in this world; it is, however, impossible to maintain for those with weak senses.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सः (saḥ) - refers to the gṛhastha āśrama or the householder (that (masculine singular), he)
- संधार्यः (saṁdhāryaḥ) - to be maintained, to be supported
- प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - by effort, with exertion, diligently
- स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial abode
- अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, undiminishing, eternal
- इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring
- सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, ease, pleasure
- च (ca) - and, also
- इह (iha) - here, in this world
- इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring
- अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - exceedingly, greatly, lasting, ultimate
- यः (yaḥ) - refers to 'saḥ' (the householder's stage of life) (who, which (masculine singular))
- अधार्यः (adhāryaḥ) - not to be maintained, impossible to support
- दुर्बलेन्द्रियैः (durbalendriyaiḥ) - by those with weak senses, by persons of weak organs
Words meanings and morphology
सः (saḥ) - refers to the gṛhastha āśrama or the householder (that (masculine singular), he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
संधार्यः (saṁdhāryaḥ) - to be maintained, to be supported
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃdhārya
saṁdhārya - to be held together, to be upheld, to be maintained
Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)
Formed from sam- + root dhṛ (to hold, support) + suffix ṇyat
Prefix: sam
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - by effort, with exertion, diligently
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of prayatna
prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavour
Prefix: pra
Root: yat (class 1)
स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial abode
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga
svarga - heaven, paradise, a place of light and happiness
अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, undiminishing, eternal
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of akṣaya
akṣaya - imperishable, undiminishing, inexhaustible
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - kṣaya – decay, destruction, loss
noun (masculine)
Root: kṣi (class 1)
इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of icchat
icchat - desiring, wishing
Present Active Participle
Formed from root iṣ (to wish, desire) + śatṛ suffix
Root: iṣ (class 6)
सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, ease, pleasure
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha
sukha - happiness, joy, comfort, pleasure
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
इह (iha) - here, in this world
(indeclinable)
इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of icchat
icchat - desiring, wishing
Present Active Participle
Formed from root iṣ (to wish, desire) + śatṛ suffix
Root: iṣ (class 6)
अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - exceedingly, greatly, lasting, ultimate
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of atyanta
atyanta - excessive, great, endless; exceedingly, greatly
Prefix: ati
Root: ant
Note: functions adverbially, modifying 'sukham' (happiness) as 'ultimate happiness'.
यः (yaḥ) - refers to 'saḥ' (the householder's stage of life) (who, which (masculine singular))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
अधार्यः (adhāryaḥ) - not to be maintained, impossible to support
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adhārya
adhārya - not to be held, not to be borne, difficult to maintain
Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)
Formed from a (negation) + gerundive of root dhṛ (to hold, support)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dhārya)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - dhārya – to be held, supported, maintained
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive
root dhṛ + ṇyat suffix
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
दुर्बलेन्द्रियैः (durbalendriyaiḥ) - by those with weak senses, by persons of weak organs
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of durbalendriya
durbalendriya - one whose senses are weak, having weak faculties
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (durbala+indriya)
- durbala – weak, feeble, powerless
adjective - indriya – sense organ, faculty
noun (neuter)