मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-208
आसनेषूपकॢप्तेषु बर्हिष्मत्सु पृथक्पृथक ।
उपस्पृष्टौदकान सम्यग विप्रांस्तानुपवेशयेत ॥२०८॥
उपस्पृष्टौदकान सम्यग विप्रांस्तानुपवेशयेत ॥२०८॥
208. āsaneṣūpakḷpteṣu barhiṣmatsu pṛthakpṛthak ,
upaspṛṣṭaudakān samyag viprāṁstānupaveśayet.
upaspṛṣṭaudakān samyag viprāṁstānupaveśayet.
208.
āsaneṣūpakḷpteṣu barhiṣmatsu pṛthakpṛthak |
upaspṛṣṭaudakān samyag viprāṃstānupaveśayet
upaspṛṣṭaudakān samyag viprāṃstānupaveśayet
208.
āsaneṣu upakḷpteṣu ca barhiṣmatsu pṛthakpṛthak
upaspṛṣṭaudakān samyak viprān tān upaveśayet
upaspṛṣṭaudakān samyak viprān tān upaveśayet
208.
In seats that are prepared and covered with darbha grass, having been properly sprinkled with water, one should seat those Brahmins.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आसनेषु (āsaneṣu) - in seats (on seats, in places)
- उपकॢप्तेषु (upakḷpteṣu) - prepared (prepared, arranged, provided)
- बर्हिष्मत्सु (barhiṣmatsu) - covered with darbha grass (covered with darbha grass, spread with grass)
- पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately (separately, apart)
- पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately (separately, apart)
- उपस्पृष्ट (upaspṛṣṭa) - sprinkled (touched, sprinkled, purified)
- औदकान् (audakān) - water (for sprinkling) (water (plural accusative))
- सम्यक् (samyak) - properly (properly, well, completely)
- विप्रान् (viprān) - Brahmins (Brahmins, learned ones)
- तान् (tān) - those (them, those)
- उपावेशयेत् (upāveśayet) - should seat (should seat, should cause to sit)
Words meanings and morphology
आसनेषु (āsaneṣu) - in seats (on seats, in places)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of āsana
āsana - seat, sitting place, posture (in yoga)
from the root 'as' (to sit).
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Indicates where the Brahmins are to be seated.
उपकॢप्तेषु (upakḷpteṣu) - prepared (prepared, arranged, provided)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of upakalpta
upakalpta - prepared, arranged, provided, adapted
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the verb 'upakalp' (to prepare, to arrange), which is derived from 'kalp' (to be able, to arrange) with prefix 'upa'.
Prefix: upa
Root: kalp (class 4)
Note: Describes the condition of the seats.
बर्हिष्मत्सु (barhiṣmatsu) - covered with darbha grass (covered with darbha grass, spread with grass)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of barhiṣmat
barhiṣmat - spread or covered with darbha grass (barhis)
Compound of 'barhis' (darbha grass, sacred grass) and 'mat' (having, possessing).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (barhis+mat)
- barhis – darbha grass, sacred grass
noun (neuter) - mat – having, possessing
suffix
Suffix indicating possession.
Note: Describes the seats, indicating they are ritually prepared.
पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately (separately, apart)
(indeclinable)
Indeclinable adverb.
Note: Modifies how the Brahmins are seated or how the seats are arranged.
पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately (separately, apart)
(indeclinable)
Indeclinable adverb.
Note: Repeated for emphasis, meaning each Brahmin individually or seats placed at intervals.
उपस्पृष्ट (upaspṛṣṭa) - sprinkled (touched, sprinkled, purified)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of upaspṛṣṭa
upaspṛṣṭa - touched, reached, sprinkled, purified
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the verb 'upaspṛś' (to touch, to sprinkle, to reach).
Prefix: upa
Root: spṛś (class 6)
Note: Modifies 'audakān', implying water used for sprinkling.
औदकान् (audakān) - water (for sprinkling) (water (plural accusative))
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of audaka
audaka - water, aqueous
Derived from 'udan' (water) or 'udaka' (water).
Note: The object of the sprinkling, indicated by 'upaspṛṣṭa'. The case here is unusual if it directly modifies 'viprān', but fits if it refers to the water for sprinkling the Brahmins.
सम्यक् (samyak) - properly (properly, well, completely)
(indeclinable)
Related to 'sam' (together, well) and 'kṛ' (to do).
Prefix: sam
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Modifies 'upaspṛṣṭa' or implies the manner of seating.
विप्रान् (viprān) - Brahmins (Brahmins, learned ones)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vipra
vipra - Brahmin, priest, learned person, sage
From the root 'vip' (to tremble, to be moved, to praise).
Root: vip (class 1)
Note: The direct object of 'upaveśayet'.
तान् (tān) - those (them, those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, it
Demonstrative pronoun, accusative plural masculine form.
Note: Refers to the Brahmins.
उपावेशयेत् (upāveśayet) - should seat (should seat, should cause to sit)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of veś
Causative, Optative, 3rd person singular
Causative of root 'veś' (to enter, to settle) with prefix 'upa'. The optative ending 'et' indicates 'should'.
Prefix: upa
Root: veś (class 2)
Note: Indicates the recommended action.