मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-220
ध्रियमाणे तु पितरि पूर्वेषामेव निर्वपेत ।
विप्रवद वाऽपि तं श्राद्धे स्वकं पितरमाशयेत ॥२२०॥
विप्रवद वाऽपि तं श्राद्धे स्वकं पितरमाशयेत ॥२२०॥
220. dhriyamāṇe tu pitari pūrveṣāmeva nirvapet ,
vipravad vā'pi taṁ śrāddhe svakaṁ pitaramāśayet.
vipravad vā'pi taṁ śrāddhe svakaṁ pitaramāśayet.
220.
dhriyamāṇe tu pitari pūrveṣām eva nirvapet
vipravad vā api taṃ śrāddhe svakaṃ pitaraṃ āśayet
vipravad vā api taṃ śrāddhe svakaṃ pitaraṃ āśayet
220.
When the father is alive, offerings should be made to the ancestors (pitṛ). Or, in a śrāddha ritual, the father should be honored like a Brahmin.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ध्रियमाणे (dhriyamāṇe) - while being supported, while being alive
- तु (tu) - but, however
- पितरि (pitari) - in the father
- पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors
- एव (eva) - indeed, only
- निर्वपेत् (nirvapet) - should offer, should perform
- विप्रवत् (vipravat) - like a Brahmin
- वा (vā) - or
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- तं (taṁ) - him
- श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in the śrāddha ritual
- स्वकम् (svakam) - one's own
- पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father
- आशयेत् (āśayet) - should feed, should honor
Words meanings and morphology
ध्रियमाणे (dhriyamāṇe) - while being supported, while being alive
(participle)
Locative, masculine, singular of dhṛ
dhṛ - to hold, to support, to bear
Present Participle (passive)
formed from the root 'dhṛ' with the suffix '-māna'
Root: dhṛ (class 2)
Note: Refers to the father being alive and supported.
तु (tu) - but, however
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects this verse to the previous, indicating a contrast or condition.
पितरि (pitari) - in the father
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
Note: In the context of 'dhriyamāṇe pitari', it means 'while the father is alive'.
पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrva
pūrva - former, previous, elder
Note: Refers to deceased male ancestors.
एव (eva) - indeed, only
(indeclinable)
निर्वपेत् (nirvapet) - should offer, should perform
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of nirvap
formed from the root 'vap' with prefix 'nir'
Prefix: nir
Root: vap (class 1)
विप्रवत् (vipravat) - like a Brahmin
(indeclinable)
formed from 'vipra' + 'vat' suffix
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
तं (taṁ) - him
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to the father.
श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in the śrāddha ritual
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śrāddha
śrāddha - a religious rite performed for the benefit of deceased ancestors
derived from 'śraddhā' (faith)
स्वकम् (svakam) - one's own
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of svaka
svaka - one's own, belonging to oneself
Note: Modifies 'pitaraṃ', emphasizing it is the performer's own father.
पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
आशयेत् (āśayet) - should feed, should honor
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of āś
formed from the root 'āś'
Prefix: ā
Root: āś (class 2)