मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-253
ततो भुक्तवतां तेषामन्नशेषं निवेदयेत ।
यथा ब्रूयुस्तथा कुर्यादनुज्ञातस्ततो द्विजैः ॥२५३॥
यथा ब्रूयुस्तथा कुर्यादनुज्ञातस्ततो द्विजैः ॥२५३॥
253. tato bhuktavatāṁ teṣāmannaśeṣaṁ nivedayet ,
yathā brūyustathā kuryādanujñātastato dvijaiḥ.
yathā brūyustathā kuryādanujñātastato dvijaiḥ.
253.
tataḥ bhuktakaraṇām teṣām annaśeṣam nivedayet
yathā brūyustathā kuryāt anujñātastaḥ dvijaiḥ
yathā brūyustathā kuryāt anujñātastaḥ dvijaiḥ
253.
Then, one should offer the remaining food to those who have eaten. After that, one should act as they instruct, having received their permission.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)
- भुक्तकरणाम् (bhuktakaraṇām) - of those who have eaten
- तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (of them, their)
- अन्नशेषम् (annaśeṣam) - the remaining food (food remainder, leftover food)
- निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - should offer (should offer, should report, should present)
- यथा (yathā) - as (as, like, according to)
- ब्रूयुस्तथा (brūyustathā) - they instruct (they would say so)
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should act (he/she/it would do, should do)
- अनुज्ञातस्तः (anujñātastaḥ) - having received their permission (having been permitted by them)
- द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by the Brahmins (by the twice-born)
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)
(indeclinable)
भुक्तकरणाम् (bhuktakaraṇām) - of those who have eaten
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of bhuktakaraṇa
bhuktakaraṇa - one who has eaten
Past Passive Participle
formed from the past passive participle of the root 'bhuñj' (to eat) and the noun 'karaṇa' (doing/making)
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhukta+karaṇa)
- bhukta – eaten
noun (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root bhuñj (to eat)
Root: bhuñj (class 10) - karaṇa – doing, making, instrument
noun (neuter)
from root kṛ (to do/make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: This is a compound noun, referring to the agents who have eaten. The case and number indicate 'among those who have eaten'.
तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (of them, their)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
अन्नशेषम् (annaśeṣam) - the remaining food (food remainder, leftover food)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of annaśeṣa
annaśeṣa - food remainder, leftover food
compound of 'anna' (food) and 'śeṣa' (remainder)
Compound type : tatpurusha (anna+śeṣa)
- anna – food, grain
noun (neuter) - śeṣa – remainder, remnant, end
noun (masculine)
निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - should offer (should offer, should report, should present)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of niveday
Causative
Causative of root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ni-' (down) and suffix '-aya'. Basic meaning is 'to cause to go down/to present'.
Prefix: ni
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Potential mood, indicating what should be done.
यथा (yathā) - as (as, like, according to)
(indeclinable)
ब्रूयुस्तथा (brūyustathā) - they instruct (they would say so)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of brūyustathā
Compound of 'brūyuḥ' (they would say - potential of 'brū') and 'tathā' (so, thus).
Root: brū (class 2)
Compound type : avyayibhavā (brūyuh+tathā)
- brūyuh – they would say
verb
Potential mood, 3rd person plural of root 'brū'
Root: brū (class 2) - tathā – so, thus, in that way
indeclinable
Note: The combination with 'tathā' implies acting 'in accordance with what they say'.
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should act (he/she/it would do, should do)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Potential mood, indicating what should be done.
अनुज्ञातस्तः (anujñātastaḥ) - having received their permission (having been permitted by them)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta
anujñāta - permitted, consented
Past Passive Participle
from root 'jñā' (to know) with prefix 'anu-' (after, along) and 'a-' (perfective participle)
Prefix: anu
Root: jñā (class 2)
Note: The '-staḥ' at the end is a sandhi form for the instrumental plural of 'te' (those), making it 'by them'. So, the entire phrase means 'having been permitted by them'.
द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by the Brahmins (by the twice-born)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvija
dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth, snake
compound of 'dvi-' (twice) and 'ja-' (born)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two, twice
numeral - jan – to be born, to produce
verb
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: The instrumental case indicates the agent by whom permission is granted.