मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-70
अध्यापनं ब्रह्मयज्ञः पितृयज्ञस्तु तर्पणम ।
होमो दैवो बलिर्भौतो नृयज्ञोऽतिथिपूजनम ॥७०॥
होमो दैवो बलिर्भौतो नृयज्ञोऽतिथिपूजनम ॥७०॥
70. adhyāpanaṁ brahmayajñaḥ pitṛyajñastu tarpaṇam ,
homo daivo balirbhauto nṛyajño'tithipūjanam.
homo daivo balirbhauto nṛyajño'tithipūjanam.
70.
adhyapanam brahmayajnah pitryajnah tu tarpanaṃ |
homaḥ daivaḥ balirbhautaḥ nṛyajñaḥ atithipūjanam
homaḥ daivaḥ balirbhautaḥ nṛyajñaḥ atithipūjanam
70.
The teaching of scripture is the 'Brahman (brahma) yajna (yajña)'; offering water to ancestors (pitṛ) is the 'Pitṛ yajna (yajña)'; the fire ritual (homa) is the 'Daiva yajna (yajña)'; offerings to beings are the 'Bhauta yajna (yajña)'; and honoring guests (atithi) is the 'Nṛ yajna (yajña)'.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अध्यपनम् (adhyapanam) - the teaching (of scriptures) (teaching, instruction)
- ब्रह्मयज्नह् (brahmayajnah) - the 'Brahman (brahma) yajna (yajña)' (ritual of knowledge/scripture) (Brahman ritual, knowledge ritual)
- पित्र्यज्नह् (pitryajnah) - the 'Pitṛ yajna (yajña)' (ritual for ancestors) (ancestral ritual)
- तु (tu) - indeed, and (particle) (but, and, indeed)
- तर्पणम् (tarpaṇam) - offering water (to ancestors) for satisfaction (satisfaction, refreshing, offering oblations)
- होमः (homaḥ) - the fire ritual (homa) (offering into fire, fire ritual)
- दैवः (daivaḥ) - the 'Daiva yajna (yajña)' (ritual for gods) (divine, pertaining to gods)
- बलिः (baliḥ) - offerings (to beings) (offering, oblation, sacrifice)
- भौतः (bhautaḥ) - the 'Bhauta yajna (yajña)' (ritual for beings/elements) (related to elements, belonging to creatures)
- नृयज्ञः (nṛyajñaḥ) - the 'Nṛ yajna (yajña)' (ritual for humans) (human ritual, ritual for humans)
- अतिथिपूजनम् (atithipūjanam) - honoring guests (atithi) (honoring guests, worship of guests)
Words meanings and morphology
अध्यपनम् (adhyapanam) - the teaching (of scriptures) (teaching, instruction)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of adhyapana
adhyapana - teaching, instruction
Nominal
From root pad 'to fall' with prefix adhi 'upon' and suffix lyuṭ, forming adhyāp 'to teach'.
Prefix: adhi
Root: pad (class 2)
ब्रह्मयज्नह् (brahmayajnah) - the 'Brahman (brahma) yajna (yajña)' (ritual of knowledge/scripture) (Brahman ritual, knowledge ritual)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmayajna
brahmayajna - Brahman ritual, knowledge ritual
Compound of brahman 'knowledge, scripture, supreme reality' and yajña 'ritual'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+yajña)
- brahman – knowledge, scripture, ultimate reality
noun (neuter)
From root bṛh 'to grow, expand'.
Root: bṛh (class 1) - yajña – sacrifice, offering, Vedic ritual, worship
noun (masculine)
From root yaj 'to worship, offer'.
Root: yaj (class 1)
पित्र्यज्नह् (pitryajnah) - the 'Pitṛ yajna (yajña)' (ritual for ancestors) (ancestral ritual)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitryajna
pitryajna - ancestral ritual
Compound of pitṛ 'father, ancestor' and yajña 'ritual'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+yajña)
- pitṛ – father, ancestor
noun (masculine) - yajña – sacrifice, offering, Vedic ritual, worship
noun (masculine)
From root yaj 'to worship, offer'.
Root: yaj (class 1)
तु (tu) - indeed, and (particle) (but, and, indeed)
(indeclinable)
तर्पणम् (tarpaṇam) - offering water (to ancestors) for satisfaction (satisfaction, refreshing, offering oblations)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tarpaṇa
tarpaṇa - satisfaction, refreshment, offering oblations
Nominal
From root trp 'to be satisfied, pleased' with suffix lyuṭ.
Root: trp (class 1)
होमः (homaḥ) - the fire ritual (homa) (offering into fire, fire ritual)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of homa
homa - offering into fire, fire ritual
Nominal
From root hu 'to offer, sacrifice' with suffix lyuṭ.
Root: hu (class 2)
दैवः (daivaḥ) - the 'Daiva yajna (yajña)' (ritual for gods) (divine, pertaining to gods)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daiva
daiva - divine, celestial, pertaining to gods
Derived from deva 'god'.
Note: Here functions as a noun, 'the divine offering' or 'the ritual for the gods', implying Daiva yajna.
बलिः (baliḥ) - offerings (to beings) (offering, oblation, sacrifice)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bali
bali - offering, oblation, tribute, sacrifice
भौतः (bhautaḥ) - the 'Bhauta yajna (yajña)' (ritual for beings/elements) (related to elements, belonging to creatures)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhauta
bhauta - produced, evolved, related to elements, belonging to creatures
Past Passive Participle
From root bhū 'to be, exist' with suffix ktv. Indicating 'that which has become'.
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Here functions as a noun, 'the offering to beings', implying Bhauta yajna.
नृयज्ञः (nṛyajñaḥ) - the 'Nṛ yajna (yajña)' (ritual for humans) (human ritual, ritual for humans)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛyajña
nṛyajña - human ritual, ritual for humans
Compound of nṛ 'man, human' and yajña 'ritual'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+yajña)
- nṛ – man, human
noun (masculine) - yajña – sacrifice, offering, Vedic ritual, worship
noun (masculine)
From root yaj 'to worship, offer'.
Root: yaj (class 1)
अतिथिपूजनम् (atithipūjanam) - honoring guests (atithi) (honoring guests, worship of guests)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of atithipujana
atithipujana - honoring guests, worship of guests
Nominal
Compound of atithi 'guest' and pūjana 'worship, honoring'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (atithi+pūjana)
- atithi – guest (one who has no fixed abode)
noun (masculine) - pūjana – worship, honor, adoration
noun (neuter)
Nominal
From root pūj 'to worship' with suffix lyuṭ.
Root: pūj (class 10)