मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-28
यज्ञे तु वितते सम्यग ऋत्विजे कर्म कुर्वते ।
अलङ्कृत्य सुतादानं दैवं धर्मं प्रचक्षते ॥२८॥
अलङ्कृत्य सुतादानं दैवं धर्मं प्रचक्षते ॥२८॥
28. yajñe tu vitate samyag ṛtvije karma kurvate ,
alaṅkṛtya sutādānaṁ daivaṁ dharmaṁ pracakṣate.
alaṅkṛtya sutādānaṁ daivaṁ dharmaṁ pracakṣate.
28.
yajñe tu vitate samyag ṛtvije karma kurvate
alaṅkr̥tya sutādānaṃ daivaṃ dharmaṃ pracakṣate
alaṅkr̥tya sutādānaṃ daivaṃ dharmaṃ pracakṣate
28.
When a Vedic ritual (yajña) is properly performed, the giving of a daughter, adorned and to the priest performing the rites, is called the divine (Daiva) righteous way.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यज्ञे (yajñe) - in the Vedic ritual (yajña) (in the sacrifice, in the ritual)
- तु (tu) - but (but, however, and)
- वितते (vitate) - properly performed (extended, spread out, performed)
- सम्यक् (samyak) - properly (well, properly, correctly)
- ऋत्विजे (ṛtvije) - to the officiating priest (to the priest, to the officiant)
- कर्म (karma) - rites, duties (deed, action, work, ritual)
- कुर्वते (kurvate) - performing (doing, performing)
- अलङ्क्र्̥त्य (alaṅkr̥tya) - having adorned (having adorned, having decorated)
- सुतादानं (sutādānaṁ) - giving of the daughter
- दैवं (daivaṁ) - The divine (Daiva marriage) (divine, celestial)
- धर्मं (dharmaṁ) - way, practice (righteousness, duty, law)
- प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - is called (they say, they call, they declare)
Words meanings and morphology
यज्ञे (yajñe) - in the Vedic ritual (yajña) (in the sacrifice, in the ritual)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of yajña
yajña - sacrifice, worship, oblation, ritual
from √yaj 'to worship, sacrifice'
Root: yaj (class 1)
तु (tu) - but (but, however, and)
(indeclinable)
वितते (vitate) - properly performed (extended, spread out, performed)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of vi-ta
vi-ta - spread out, extended, accomplished
Past Passive Participle
from √tan 'to stretch, spread' + vi- (prefix) + kta (suffix)
Prefix: vi
Root: tan (class 2)
Note: agreeing with yajñe
सम्यक् (samyak) - properly (well, properly, correctly)
(indeclinable)
from sam- 'together' + √kṛ 'to do'
Prefix: sam
Root: kṛ (class 8)
ऋत्विजे (ṛtvije) - to the officiating priest (to the priest, to the officiant)
(noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of ṛtvij
ṛtvij - priest, officiant at a sacrifice
from ṛtu 'season' + √yaj 'to sacrifice' (lit. one who sacrifices at the right season)
Root: yaj (class 1)
कर्म (karma) - rites, duties (deed, action, work, ritual)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - deed, action, work, ritual, fate
from √kṛ 'to do'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: object of kurvate
कुर्वते (kurvate) - performing (doing, performing)
(verb)
singular, middle, present (śatṛ) of kṛ
Present Participle
Root kṛ (to do) + present participle suffix -at
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: middle voice, agreeing with ṛtvije
अलङ्क्र्̥त्य (alaṅkr̥tya) - having adorned (having adorned, having decorated)
(verb)
active, present (lyap) of alaṅ-kṛ
Gerund
from alaṃ (indeclinable) + √kṛ 'to make'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Compound type : verb compound (alaṃ+kṛ)
- alaṃ – enough, sufficiently, ornament, adornment
indeclinable - kṛ – to do, to make, to perform
verb
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: gerund, implying 'after adorning'
सुतादानं (sutādānaṁ) - giving of the daughter
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sutādāna
sutādāna - giving of the daughter
from sutā 'daughter' + dāna 'giving'
Compound type : tatpurusha (sutā+dāna)
- sutā – daughter, son (rare)
noun (feminine)
from √su 'to bring forth, bear'
Root: su (class 1) - dāna – giving, gift, donation
noun (neuter)
from √dā 'to give'
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: object of pracakṣate
दैवं (daivaṁ) - The divine (Daiva marriage) (divine, celestial)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of daiva
daiva - divine, celestial, related to the gods, fate, destiny
from deva 'god' + -a suffix
Note: Implied noun 'marriage' (vivaha) is neuter.
धर्मं (dharmaṁ) - way, practice (righteousness, duty, law)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - law, duty, righteousness, virtue, nature, constitution, custom, ordinance
from dhṛ 'to hold, support'
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: object of pracakṣate, agrees with daivam in meaning but not gender/case, possibly due to poetic license or the implicit noun being 'method/way' which could be masculine.
प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - is called (they say, they call, they declare)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-cakṣ
Present Tense
from pra- (prefix) + √cakṣ 'to see, to say'
Prefix: pra
Root: cakṣ (class 2)
Note: Often used in a passive sense when referring to a general declaration.