मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-138
न श्राद्धे भोजयेन मित्रं धनैः कार्योऽस्य सङ्ग्रहः ।
नारिं न मित्रं यं विद्यात तं श्राद्धे भोजयेद द्विजम ॥१३८॥
नारिं न मित्रं यं विद्यात तं श्राद्धे भोजयेद द्विजम ॥१३८॥
138. na śrāddhe bhojayen mitraṁ dhanaiḥ kāryo'sya saṅgrahaḥ ,
nāriṁ na mitraṁ yaṁ vidyāt taṁ śrāddhe bhojayed dvijam.
nāriṁ na mitraṁ yaṁ vidyāt taṁ śrāddhe bhojayed dvijam.
138.
na śrāddhe bhojayenn mitram dhanaiḥ kāryo 'sya saṃgrahaḥ
nāriṃ na mitram yaṃ vidyāt taṃ śrāddhe bhojayed dvijam
nāriṃ na mitram yaṃ vidyāt taṃ śrāddhe bhojayed dvijam
138.
śrāddhe mitram na bhojayet,
asya saṅgrahaḥ dhanaiḥ na kāryaḥ.
yaṃ dvijam nāri na mitram iti vidyāt tam śrāddhe bhojayet
asya saṅgrahaḥ dhanaiḥ na kāryaḥ.
yaṃ dvijam nāri na mitram iti vidyāt tam śrāddhe bhojayet
138.
One should not invite a friend to a śrāddha (ritual for ancestors) for the purpose of collecting wealth. One should not invite an enemy. One should invite a Brahmin (dvija) whom one considers neither an enemy nor a friend to the śrāddha.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not
- श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in a śrāddha (ritual for ancestors)
- भोजयेन्न् (bhojayenn) - one should feed (one should cause to eat, feed)
- मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend (friend)
- धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - by wealth (by wealth, with wealth)
- कार्यो (kāryo) - should be done
- &#०३९;स्य ('sya) - his (his, of him)
- संग्रहः (saṁgrahaḥ) - collection (collection, gathering, accumulation)
- नारिं (nāriṁ) - an enemy (enemy)
- न (na) - nor (not)
- मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend (friend)
- यं (yaṁ) - whom (whom, which)
- विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should consider (one should know)
- तं (taṁ) - him (him, that one)
- श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in the śrāddha (in a śrāddha (ritual for ancestors))
- भोजयेद् (bhojayed) - one should feed (one should cause to eat, feed)
- द्विजम् (dvijam) - a Brahmin (twice-born, Brahmin)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in a śrāddha (ritual for ancestors)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śrāddha
śrāddha - related to faith, a ritual for ancestors performed with faith
derived
derived from śraddhā (faith).
भोजयेन्न् (bhojayenn) - one should feed (one should cause to eat, feed)
(verb)
3rd person , active, imperative (loṭ) of bhojayen
causative injunctive
Causative of root bhuj (to eat, enjoy), with injunctive ending.
Root: bhuj (class 1)
Note: The sandhi form 'bhojayenn' is from 'bhojayen' + 'mitram'.
मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend (friend)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mitra
mitra - friend, ally, companion
धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - by wealth (by wealth, with wealth)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of dhana
dhana - wealth, property, money, treasure
कार्यो (kāryo) - should be done
(participle)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, to be performed, duty, work
Past Passive Participle
From root kṛ (to do, make) + ya suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The sandhi form 'kāryo' is from 'kāryaḥ' + 'asya'.
&#०३९;स्य ('sya) - his (his, of him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of asya
asya - his, of him, this
Genitive singular of pronoun 'idam' (this) or 'adas' (that).
Note: The apostrophe indicates a elided 'a' from the previous word.
संग्रहः (saṁgrahaḥ) - collection (collection, gathering, accumulation)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgraha
saṁgraha - collection, gathering, compilation, summary, restraint
Derived from root gṛh (to seize, grasp) with sam prefix.
Prefix: sam
Root: gṛh (class 1)
नारिं (nāriṁ) - an enemy (enemy)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ari
ari - enemy, foe, adversary
Note: The sandhi form 'nāriṃ' is from 'na arim'.
न (na) - nor (not)
(indeclinable)
मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend (friend)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mitra
mitra - friend, ally, companion
यं (yaṁ) - whom (whom, which)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, that
विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should consider (one should know)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of vid
vidyāt (optative)
Root vid, 2nd class, optative ending.
Root: vid (class 2)
तं (taṁ) - him (him, that one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in the śrāddha (in a śrāddha (ritual for ancestors))
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śrāddha
śrāddha - related to faith, a ritual for ancestors performed with faith
derived
derived from śraddhā (faith).
भोजयेद् (bhojayed) - one should feed (one should cause to eat, feed)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of bhojayet
causative optative
Causative of root bhuj (to eat, enjoy), with optative ending.
Root: bhuj (class 1)
Note: The sandhi form 'bhojayed' is from 'bhojayet' + 'dvijam'.
द्विजम् (dvijam) - a Brahmin (twice-born, Brahmin)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born, a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth, a snake
Compound of dvi (twice) and ja (born). Refers to being born first in the womb and then initiated into Vedic studies.
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jan)
- dvi – two, twice
numeral - jan – to be born, to produce
verb
Root jan, 10th class.
Root: jan (class 10)