मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-167
एतान विगर्हिताचारानपाङ्क्तेयान द्विजाधमान ।
द्विजातिप्रवरो विद्वानुभयत्र विवर्जयेत ॥१६७॥
द्विजातिप्रवरो विद्वानुभयत्र विवर्जयेत ॥१६७॥
167. etān vigarhitācārānapāṅkteyān dvijādhamān ,
dvijātipravaro vidvānubhayatra vivarjayet.
dvijātipravaro vidvānubhayatra vivarjayet.
167.
etān vigarhitācārānapāṅkteyān dvijādhamān
dvijātimpravaro vidvānubhayatra vivarjayeta
dvijātimpravaro vidvānubhayatra vivarjayeta
167.
vidvān dvijāti-pravaraḥ etān vigarhitācārān
apāṅkteyān dvijādhamān ubhayatra vivarjayeta
apāṅkteyān dvijādhamān ubhayatra vivarjayeta
167.
A learned person of the highest order among twice-born (dvijāti) should avoid these two types of people: those who have abominable conduct and are unfit to be invited to a meal (apāṅkteya), and those who are the worst among twice-born (dvijādhama).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एतान् (etān) - these
- विगर्हिताचारान् (vigarhitācārān) - those who have abominable conduct (those whose conduct is censured)
- अपाङ्क्तेयान् (apāṅkteyān) - unfit to be invited to a meal (unfit to be invited to a meal, outcaste)
- द्विजाधमान् (dvijādhamān) - the worst among twice-born (dvijāti) (the lowest among the twice-born)
- द्विजाति (dvijāti) - twice-born (dvijāti) (twice-born, a member of the three upper castes (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya))
- प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - highest order (best, excellent, chief)
- विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned person (learned, wise, scholar)
- उभयत्र (ubhayatra) - in both cases (in both places, in both cases)
- विवर्जयेत (vivarjayeta) - should avoid (should avoid, should exclude)
Words meanings and morphology
एतान् (etān) - these
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, that (near)
विगर्हिताचारान् (vigarhitācārān) - those who have abominable conduct (those whose conduct is censured)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vigarhitācāra
vigarhitācāra - one whose conduct is censured or abominable
Compound of vigarhita (censured, condemned) and ācāra (conduct).
Compound type : tatpurusha (vigarhitā+ācāra)
- vigarhitā – censured, condemned, blameworthy
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from √vigarha (to blame, condemn)
Root: √vigarha (class 1) - ācāra – conduct, behavior, custom
noun (masculine)
From √car (to go, move) with prefix ā-
Prefix: ā
Root: √car (class 1)
अपाङ्क्तेयान् (apāṅkteyān) - unfit to be invited to a meal (unfit to be invited to a meal, outcaste)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of apāṅkteya
apāṅkteya - unfit to be invited to a meal, one with whom dining is prohibited
Negation (a-) of pāṅkteya, meaning fit to sit in a row (pankti) for a meal.
द्विजाधमान् (dvijādhamān) - the worst among twice-born (dvijāti) (the lowest among the twice-born)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of dvijādhama
dvijādhama - lowest among the twice-born
Compound of dvija (twice-born) and adhama (lowest, worst).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+adhama)
- dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya)
noun (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from √jan (to be born) + prefix du- (twice). Refers to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas who undergo initiation.
Root: √jan (class 4) - adhama – lowest, worst, mean
adjective (masculine)
द्विजाति (dvijāti) - twice-born (dvijāti) (twice-born, a member of the three upper castes (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijāti
dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya)
Compound of dvi (twice) and jāti (birth, caste).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+jāti)
- dvi – two
numeral - jāti – birth, caste, kind, species
noun (feminine)
From √jan (to be born)
Root: √jan (class 4)
प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - highest order (best, excellent, chief)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pravara
pravara - best, excellent, chosen, chief
Past Passive Participle
from √vṛ (to choose, cover) + pra- (prefix indicating 'forth' or 'forward', here 'highly').
Prefix: pra
Root: √vṛ (class 1)
विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned person (learned, wise, scholar)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat
vidvat - learned, wise, knowing
Present Active Participle
from √vid (to know)
Root: √vid (class 2)
उभयत्र (ubhayatra) - in both cases (in both places, in both cases)
(indeclinable)
Compound of ubhaya (both) and atra (here, in this place).
Compound type : compound (ubhaya+atra)
- ubhaya – both, dual
adjective (masculine) - atra – here, in this place
indeclinable
विवर्जयेत (vivarjayeta) - should avoid (should avoid, should exclude)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (liṅ) of vivarjayeta
Potential (vidhilying)
from causative of √vṛj (to avert, avoid) + prefix vi-
Prefix: vi
Root: √vṛj (class 1)