मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-188
निमन्त्रितो द्विजः पित्र्ये नियतात्मा भवेत सदा ।
न च छन्दांस्यधीयीत यस्य श्राद्धं च तद भवेत ॥१८८॥
न च छन्दांस्यधीयीत यस्य श्राद्धं च तद भवेत ॥१८८॥
188. nimantrito dvijaḥ pitrye niyatātmā bhavet sadā ,
na ca chandāṁsyadhīyīta yasya śrāddhaṁ ca tad bhavet.
na ca chandāṁsyadhīyīta yasya śrāddhaṁ ca tad bhavet.
188.
nimantrito dvijaḥ pitrye niyatātmā bhavet sadā | na
ca chhandāmsyadhīyīta yasya śrāddhaṃ ca tad bhavet
ca chhandāmsyadhīyīta yasya śrāddhaṃ ca tad bhavet
188.
A Brahmin (dvija) who has been invited for the ancestral rite (pitrye) should always be self-controlled. He should not study the Vedas (chhandāmsi) for whom the śrāddha is being performed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- निमन्त्रितः (nimantritaḥ) - invited
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin (twice-born)
- पित्र्ये (pitrye) - for the ancestral rite (ancestral)
- नियत-आत्मा (niyata-ātmā) - self-controlled (controlled self)
- भवेत् (bhavet) - should be
- सदा (sadā) - always
- न (na) - not
- च (ca) - and
- छ्हन्दाम्सि (chhandāmsi) - Vedas (Vedas, meters)
- अधि-यीत (adhi-yīta) - should study
- यस्य (yasya) - for whom (whose)
- श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - the śrāddha (śrāddha, rite for ancestors)
- च (ca) - and
- तत् (tat) - that (śrāddha) (that)
- भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (the occasion) (should be)
Words meanings and morphology
निमन्त्रितः (nimantritaḥ) - invited
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nimantrita
nimantrita - invited, summoned
past passive participle
From root 'mantr' (to think, counsel) with prefix 'ni' (down, in).
Prefix: ni
Root: mantr (class 5)
Note: Agrees with 'dvijaḥ'.
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin (twice-born)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth, snake
Literally 'born twice'. Refers to the Upanayana ceremony for Brahmins, marking their second birth into Vedic learning.
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
indeclinable - ja – born
noun (masculine)
participle
From root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 2)
पित्र्ये (pitrye) - for the ancestral rite (ancestral)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of pitrya
pitrya - ancestral, paternal, relating to fathers
Derived from 'pitṛ' (father, ancestor).
Note: Modifies an implied noun like 'karma' (rite) or 'kāla' (time), meaning 'in the ancestral rite' or 'for the ancestral purpose'.
नियत-आत्मा (niyata-ātmā) - self-controlled (controlled self)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatātmā
niyatātmā - one whose self is controlled, self-controlled person
Compound of 'niyata' (controlled, restrained) and 'ātmā' (self).
Compound type : tatpurusha (niyata+ātmā)
- niyata – controlled, restrained, fixed, regulated
adjective (masculine)
past passive participle
From root 'yam' (to hold, restrain) with prefix 'ni'.
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1) - ātmā – self, soul, mind
noun (masculine)
भवेत् (bhavet) - should be
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of bhu
root
Root: bhu (class 1)
सदा (sadā) - always
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
छ्हन्दाम्सि (chhandāmsi) - Vedas (Vedas, meters)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of chhandas
chhandas - meter (in poetry), Vedic text, Veda
Related to root 'chand' (to please, to cover).
Root: chand (class 1)
अधि-यीत (adhi-yīta) - should study
(verb)
3rd person , middle, optative (liṅ) of adhīyīta
middle voice
From root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'adhi' (over, upon) and 'ā' (up).
Prefixes: adhi+ā
Root: i (class 2)
यस्य (yasya) - for whom (whose)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yas
yas - who, which, that
Note: Refers to the person for whom the śrāddha is performed.
श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - the śrāddha (śrāddha, rite for ancestors)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śrāddha
śrāddha - rite for ancestors, based on faith
Derived from 'śraddhā' (faith).
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
तत् (tat) - that (śrāddha) (that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tat
tat - that, it
Note: Subject of the second 'bhavet'.
भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (the occasion) (should be)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of bhu
root
Root: bhu (class 1)
Note: The phrase 'yasya śrāddhaṃ ca tad bhavet' means 'and for whom that śrāddha would be'.