मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-3, verse-237
यावदुष्मा भवत्यन्नं यावदश्नन्ति वाग्यताः ।
पितरस्तावदश्नन्ति यावन्नओक्ता हविर्गुणाः ॥२३७॥
पितरस्तावदश्नन्ति यावन्नओक्ता हविर्गुणाः ॥२३७॥
237. yāvaduṣmā bhavatyannaṁ yāvadaśnanti vāgyatāḥ ,
pitarastāvadaśnanti yāvannaoktā havirguṇāḥ.
pitarastāvadaśnanti yāvannaoktā havirguṇāḥ.
237.
yāvad uṣmā bhavaty annaṃ yāvad aśnanti vāgyatāḥ
| pitar tāvad aśnanti yāvan na oktā havirguṇāḥ
| pitar tāvad aśnanti yāvan na oktā havirguṇāḥ
237.
yāvat annaṃ uṣmā bhavaty yāvat vāgyatāḥ aśnanti
tāvat pitar aśnanti yāvat havirguṇāḥ na oktā
tāvat pitar aśnanti yāvat havirguṇāḥ na oktā
237.
As long as the food is hot, and as long as those who eat maintain silence, the ancestors eat for that long, as long as the offerings of excellent taste are not spoken of.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, to the extent of
- उष्मा (uṣmā) - heat of the food (heat, warmth)
- भवत्य् (bhavaty) - is (present) (is, becomes)
- अन्नं (annaṁ) - food (food, grain)
- यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, to the extent of
- अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - eat
- वाग्यताः (vāgyatāḥ) - those who are silent (restrained in speech, silent)
- पितर् (pitar) - ancestors (fathers, ancestors)
- तावत् (tāvat) - so long (so long, then)
- अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - eat
- यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, to the extent of
- न (na) - not
- ओक्ता (oktā) - spoken of (spoken, declared)
- हविर्गुणाः (havirguṇāḥ) - offerings of excellent taste/quality (qualities of the offering, excellent offerings)
Words meanings and morphology
यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, to the extent of
(indeclinable)
उष्मा (uṣmā) - heat of the food (heat, warmth)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of uṣmā
uṣmā - heat, warmth, fever
from root *uṣ* (to burn) with suffix *mā*.
Root: uṣ (class 4)
भवत्य् (bhavaty) - is (present) (is, becomes)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Present Tense
Root is *bhū* (to be). Laṭ lakāra, 3rd person singular active.
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Sandhi: bhavaty + annaṃ = bhavatyanam (internal)
अन्नं (annaṁ) - food (food, grain)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of anna
anna - food, grain, sustenance
from root *ad* (to eat) with suffix *na*.
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Sandhi: bhavaty + annaṃ = bhavatyanam (internal)
यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, to the extent of
(indeclinable)
अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - eat
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of aś
Present Tense
Root is *aś* (to eat). Laṭ lakāra, 3rd person plural active.
Root: aś (class 2)
वाग्यताः (vāgyatāḥ) - those who are silent (restrained in speech, silent)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vāgyata
vāgyata - restrained in speech, silent
Past Passive Participle
from root *yam* (to restrain) + *vāc* (speech). Past passive participle of *yam*.
Compound type : tatpurusha (vāc+yata)
- vāc – speech, voice
noun (feminine) - yata – restrained, controlled
noun (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root *yam* (to restrain).
Root: yam (class 1)
पितर् (pitar) - ancestors (fathers, ancestors)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
तावत् (tāvat) - so long (so long, then)
(indeclinable)
अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - eat
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of aś
Present Tense
Root is *aś* (to eat). Laṭ lakāra, 3rd person plural active.
Root: aś (class 2)
यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, to the extent of
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
ओक्ता (oktā) - spoken of (spoken, declared)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vāk
vāk - speech, word
from root *vac* (to speak).
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: The form 'oktā' is a passive participle form related to 'vac' (to speak).
हविर्गुणाः (havirguṇāḥ) - offerings of excellent taste/quality (qualities of the offering, excellent offerings)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of havirguṇa
havirguṇa - quality of the offering, excellent offering
compound of *haviḥ* (offering) and *guṇaḥ* (quality).
Compound type : tatpurusha (haviḥ+guṇa)
- haviḥ – offering, oblation, sacrifice (in Vedic ritual)
noun (neuter)
from root *hu* (to offer).
Root: hu (class 1) - guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute, string (of a lute)
noun (masculine)
Note: Sandhi: na + oktā = naoktā (internal)