मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-88
इन्द्रियाणां विचरतां विषयेष्वपहारिषु ।
संयमे यत्नमातिष्ठेद विद्वान यन्तैव वाजिनाम ॥८८॥
संयमे यत्नमातिष्ठेद विद्वान यन्तैव वाजिनाम ॥८८॥
88. indriyāṇāṁ vicaratāṁ viṣayeṣvapahāriṣu ,
saṁyame yatnamātiṣṭhed vidvān yantaiva vājinām.
saṁyame yatnamātiṣṭhed vidvān yantaiva vājinām.
88.
indriyāṇām vicaratām viṣayeṣu apahāriṣu saṃyame
yatnam ātiṣṭhet vidvān yantā iva vājinām
yatnam ātiṣṭhet vidvān yantā iva vājinām
88.
vidvān indriyāṇām apahāriṣu viṣayeṣu vicaratām
saṃyame yatnam ātiṣṭhet yantā iva vājinām
saṃyame yatnam ātiṣṭhet yantā iva vājinām
88.
A wise person should exert effort in self-control when the senses wander among alluring objects, just as a charioteer (controls) horses.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses (of the senses, of the sense organs)
- विचरताम् (vicaratām) - of those (senses) that are wandering (of those wandering, of those moving about)
- विषयेषु (viṣayeṣu) - among (sense) objects (in objects, in sense objects)
- अपहारिषु (apahāriṣu) - among alluring (objects) (in or among those that steal away, those that captivate)
- संयमे (saṁyame) - in self-control (in restraint, in self-control)
- यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort (effort, exertion)
- आतिष्ठेत् (ātiṣṭhet) - one should exert (effort) (one should exert, one should establish, one should stand firm in)
- विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person (a wise man, learned, knowing)
- यन्ता (yantā) - a charioteer (a controller, a charioteer)
- इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as it were)
- वाजिनाम् (vājinām) - of horses (of horses, of powerful ones)
Words meanings and morphology
इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses (of the senses, of the sense organs)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of indriya
indriya - sense organ, faculty of sense, pertaining to Indra
Note: Refers to the senses in general.
विचरताम् (vicaratām) - of those (senses) that are wandering (of those wandering, of those moving about)
(adjective)
Genitive, neuter, plural of vicara
vicara - wandering, moving about, acting
Present Active Participle
From root car with upasarga vi- (to wander, roam)
Prefix: vi
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Used as an adjective qualifying 'indriyāṇām', hence neuter genitive plural.
विषयेषु (viṣayeṣu) - among (sense) objects (in objects, in sense objects)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of viṣaya
viṣaya - object, sense object, domain, sphere
अपहारिषु (apahāriṣu) - among alluring (objects) (in or among those that steal away, those that captivate)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of apahārin
apahārin - carrying away, seizing, removing, captivating, alluring
Agent noun/adjective from root hṛ with upasarga apa-
Derived from verb apahṛ (to carry away, steal)
Prefix: apa
Root: hṛ (class 1)
संयमे (saṁyame) - in self-control (in restraint, in self-control)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyama
saṁyama - restraint, control, self-control, check
From root yam with upasarga sam-
Prefix: sam
Root: yam (class 1)
यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort (effort, exertion)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna
yatna - effort, exertion, endeavour, attempt
Root: yat (class 1)
Note: Object of 'ātiṣṭhet'.
आतिष्ठेत् (ātiṣṭhet) - one should exert (effort) (one should exert, one should establish, one should stand firm in)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of āsthā
From root sthā with upasarga ā-
Prefix: ā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Subject is 'vidvān'.
विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person (a wise man, learned, knowing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas
vidvas - knowing, learned, wise, a wise person
Perfect Active Participle
From root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Subject of 'ātiṣṭhet'.
यन्ता (yantā) - a charioteer (a controller, a charioteer)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yantṛ
yantṛ - controller, driver, charioteer
Agent noun
Derived from root yam (to control)
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Part of the simile.
इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as it were)
(indeclinable)
वाजिनाम् (vājinām) - of horses (of horses, of powerful ones)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of vājin
vājin - swift, spirited, strong, a horse
Note: Object of comparison with 'yantā'.