मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-199
नौदाहरेदस्य नाम परोक्षमपि केवलम ।
न चैवास्यानुकुर्वीत गतिभाषितचेष्टितम ॥१९९॥
न चैवास्यानुकुर्वीत गतिभाषितचेष्टितम ॥१९९॥
199. naudāharedasya nāma parokṣamapi kevalam ,
na caivāsyānukurvīta gatibhāṣitaceṣṭitam.
na caivāsyānukurvīta gatibhāṣitaceṣṭitam.
199.
na udāharet asya nāma parokṣam api kevalam na
ca eva asya anukurvīta gatibhāṣitaceṣṭitam
ca eva asya anukurvīta gatibhāṣitaceṣṭitam
199.
asya nāma parokṣam api kevalam na udāharet
asya gatibhāṣitaceṣṭitam ca eva na anukurvīta
asya gatibhāṣitaceṣṭitam ca eva na anukurvīta
199.
One should not utter his (the teacher's) name, not even when the teacher (guru) is absent or merely in passing. Nor should one imitate his gait, speech, or gestures.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- उदाहरेत् (udāharet) - should utter (the name) (should utter, should mention)
- अस्य (asya) - his (the teacher's) (of this, of him, his)
- नाम (nāma) - name (name, by name, indeed)
- परोक्षम् (parokṣam) - when absent, indirectly (out of sight, absent, indirect)
- अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)
- केवलम् (kevalam) - merely, only (only, merely, exclusively)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
- अस्य (asya) - his (the teacher's) (of this, of him, his)
- अनुकुर्वीत (anukurvīta) - should imitate (should imitate, should follow)
- गतिभाषितचेष्टितम् (gatibhāṣitaceṣṭitam) - gait, speech, and gestures (gait, speech, and actions)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle.
उदाहरेत् (udāharet) - should utter (the name) (should utter, should mention)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of hṛ
Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular
From root hṛ, Parasmaipada, optative, 3rd singular, with prefixes ud and ā.
Prefixes: ud+ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
अस्य (asya) - his (the teacher's) (of this, of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the teacher (guru).
नाम (nāma) - name (name, by name, indeed)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman
nāman - name, appellation, noun
Note: Object of 'udāharet'.
परोक्षम् (parokṣam) - when absent, indirectly (out of sight, absent, indirect)
(adjective)
neuter, singular of parokṣa
parokṣa - invisible, out of sight, absent, indirect
From para + akṣa (eye)
Note: Adverbial usage.
अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
केवलम् (kevalam) - merely, only (only, merely, exclusively)
(adjective)
neuter, singular of kevala
kevala - alone, exclusive, entire, only, mere
Note: Adverbial usage.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connective particle.
एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
अस्य (asya) - his (the teacher's) (of this, of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the teacher (guru).
अनुकुर्वीत (anukurvīta) - should imitate (should imitate, should follow)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ
Optative mood, middle voice, 3rd person singular
From root kṛ, Atmanepada, optative, 3rd singular, with prefix anu.
Prefix: anu
Root: kṛ (class 8)
गतिभाषितचेष्टितम् (gatibhāṣitaceṣṭitam) - gait, speech, and gestures (gait, speech, and actions)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of gatibhāṣitaceṣṭita
gatibhāṣitaceṣṭita - gait, speech, and actions (a dvandva compound)
Compound type : dvandva (gati+bhāṣita+ceṣṭita)
- gati – going, gait, movement
noun (feminine)
From root gam (to go) + ktin
Root: gam (class 1) - bhāṣita – spoken, said, speech
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root bhāṣ (to speak) + kta
Root: bhāṣ (class 1) - ceṣṭita – acted, done, action, gesture
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root ceṣṭ (to move, act) + kta
Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)
Note: Object of 'anukurvīta'.