मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-194
हीनान्नवस्त्रवेषः स्यात सर्वदा गुरुसन्निधौ ।
उत्तिष्ठेत प्रथमं चास्य चरमं चैव संविशेत ॥१९४॥
उत्तिष्ठेत प्रथमं चास्य चरमं चैव संविशेत ॥१९४॥
194. hīnānnavastraveṣaḥ syāt sarvadā gurusannidhau ,
uttiṣṭhet prathamaṁ cāsya caramaṁ caiva saṁviśet.
uttiṣṭhet prathamaṁ cāsya caramaṁ caiva saṁviśet.
194.
hīnānnāvastraveṣaḥ syāt sarvadā gurusannidhau
uttiṣṭheta prathamaṃ ca asya caramaṃ ca eva saṃviśeta
uttiṣṭheta prathamaṃ ca asya caramaṃ ca eva saṃviśeta
194.
sarvadā gurusannidhau hīnānnāvastraveṣaḥ syāt prathamaṃ ca uttiṣṭheta,
asya caramaṃ ca eva saṃviśeta
asya caramaṃ ca eva saṃviśeta
194.
One should always maintain modest food, clothing, and attire in the presence of the teacher (guru). He should rise before the teacher and go to bed only after the teacher.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हीनान्नावस्त्रवेषः (hīnānnāvastraveṣaḥ) - one who has humble food, clothing, and attire (referring to a student in the presence of his teacher) (one whose food, clothing, and attire are humble/modest)
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be (indicating a prescription) (should be, may be, would be)
- सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always (always, at all times)
- गुरुसन्निधौ (gurusannidhau) - in the presence of the teacher (guru) (in the presence of the teacher/guru)
- उत्तिष्ठेत (uttiṣṭheta) - should rise (from bed, before the guru) (should rise up, should stand up)
- प्रथमं (prathamaṁ) - first (before the guru) (first)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to the guru, implying after he has gone to bed) (of him, his)
- चरमं (caramaṁ) - last (after the guru goes to bed) (last, ultimate)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एव (eva) - only, indeed (emphasizing the action) (only, just, indeed)
- संविशेत (saṁviśeta) - should go to bed (should lie down, should go to bed)
Words meanings and morphology
हीनान्नावस्त्रवेषः (hīnānnāvastraveṣaḥ) - one who has humble food, clothing, and attire (referring to a student in the presence of his teacher) (one whose food, clothing, and attire are humble/modest)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hīnānnāvastraveṣa
hīnānnāvastraveṣa - one whose food, clothing, and attire are humble/modest
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+anna+vastra+veṣa)
- hīna – deficient, inferior, humble, low
participle (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root hā (to abandon, leave) + kta suffix
Root: hā (class 3) - anna – food, grain
noun (neuter)
Root: ad (class 2) - vastra – cloth, garment, clothing
noun (neuter)
Root: vas (class 2) - veṣa – dress, attire, costume, appearance
noun (masculine)
Root: viṣ (class 6)
स्यात् (syāt) - should be (indicating a prescription) (should be, may be, would be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always (always, at all times)
(indeclinable)
Formed with dā suffix from sarva
गुरुसन्निधौ (gurusannidhau) - in the presence of the teacher (guru) (in the presence of the teacher/guru)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of gurusannidhi
gurusannidhi - presence of a teacher/guru
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (guru+sannidhi)
- guru – teacher, preceptor, respected elder
noun (masculine)
Root: gṛ (class 9) - sannidhi – proximity, presence, nearness
noun (masculine)
From sam-ni-dhā
Prefixes: sam+ni
Root: dhā (class 3)
उत्तिष्ठेत (uttiṣṭheta) - should rise (from bed, before the guru) (should rise up, should stand up)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of utthā
Prefix: ud
Root: sthā (class 1)
प्रथमं (prathamaṁ) - first (before the guru) (first)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of prathama
prathama - first, foremost
Note: Used adverbially
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to the guru, implying after he has gone to bed) (of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
चरमं (caramaṁ) - last (after the guru goes to bed) (last, ultimate)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of carama
carama - last, final, ultimate
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Used adverbially
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, indeed (emphasizing the action) (only, just, indeed)
(indeclinable)
संविशेत (saṁviśeta) - should go to bed (should lie down, should go to bed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of saṃviś
Prefix: sam
Root: viś (class 6)