मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-166
वेदमेव सदाऽभ्यस्येत तपस्तप्यन द्विजोत्तमः ।
वेदाभ्यासो हि विप्रस्य तपः परमिहौच्यते ॥१६६॥
वेदाभ्यासो हि विप्रस्य तपः परमिहौच्यते ॥१६६॥
166. vedameva sadā'bhyasyet tapastapyan dvijottamaḥ ,
vedābhyāso hi viprasya tapaḥ paramihaucyate.
vedābhyāso hi viprasya tapaḥ paramihaucyate.
166.
vedam eva sadā abhyasyeta tapaḥ tapyan dvijottamaḥ
| vedābhyāsaḥ hi viprasya tapaḥ paramam iha ucyate
| vedābhyāsaḥ hi viprasya tapaḥ paramam iha ucyate
166.
dvijottamaḥ sadā vedam eva tapaḥ tapyan abhyasyeta
hi viprasya vedābhyāsaḥ iha paramam tapaḥ ucyate
hi viprasya vedābhyāsaḥ iha paramam tapaḥ ucyate
166.
A distinguished brahmin (dvijottama) should always study the Veda, undertaking austerity (tapas). Indeed, for a brahmin (vipra), the study of the Veda is declared here to be the supreme austerity (tapas).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda, sacred knowledge, scripture
- एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
- सदा (sadā) - always, constantly, perpetually
- अभ्यस्येत (abhyasyeta) - should practice, should study diligently, should apply oneself to
- तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual effort
- तप्यन् (tapyan) - performing austerity, undergoing penance
- द्विजोत्तमः (dvijottamaḥ) - the best among brahmins (the best of the twice-born)
- वेदाभ्यासः (vedābhyāsaḥ) - study of the Veda
- हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
- विप्रस्य (viprasya) - of a brahmin, of a sage
- तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual effort
- परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, excellent
- इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this context
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is declared, is called
Words meanings and morphology
वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda, sacred knowledge, scripture
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of veda
veda - sacred knowledge, Veda
derived from root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
(indeclinable)
सदा (sadā) - always, constantly, perpetually
(indeclinable)
अभ्यस्येत (abhyasyeta) - should practice, should study diligently, should apply oneself to
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of abhyas
Prefix: abhi
Root: as (class 4)
तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual effort
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual effort, heat
derived from root tap (to heat, to perform austerity)
Root: tap (class 1)
तप्यन् (tapyan) - performing austerity, undergoing penance
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tapyat
tapyat - performing austerity, suffering, burning
present active participle
derived from root tap (to heat, to perform austerity)
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: agrees with dvijottamaḥ
द्विजोत्तमः (dvijottamaḥ) - the best among brahmins (the best of the twice-born)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best among the twice-born
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya; also a bird, a tooth)
noun (masculine)
derived from jan (to be born) with prefix dvi (twice)
Root: jan (class 4) - uttama – best, highest, excellent
adjective (masculine)
वेदाभ्यासः (vedābhyāsaḥ) - study of the Veda
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vedābhyāsa
vedābhyāsa - study of the Veda, Vedic recitation
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+abhyāsa)
- veda – sacred knowledge, Veda
noun (masculine)
derived from root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2) - abhyāsa – practice, study, repetition
noun (masculine)
derived from abhi + as (to throw, to obtain)
Prefix: abhi
Root: as (class 4)
हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
(indeclinable)
विप्रस्य (viprasya) - of a brahmin, of a sage
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - brahmin, sage, inspired, learned
Root: vip (class 1)
तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual effort
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual effort, heat
derived from root tap (to heat, to perform austerity)
Root: tap (class 1)
परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, excellent
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of parama
parama - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate
Note: agrees with tapaḥ
इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this context
(indeclinable)
उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is declared, is called
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac
Root: vac (class 2)