मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-137
पञ्चानां त्रिषु वर्णेषु भूयांसि गुणवन्ति च ।
यत्र स्युः सोऽत्र मानार्हः शूद्रोऽपि दशमीं गतः ॥१३७॥
यत्र स्युः सोऽत्र मानार्हः शूद्रोऽपि दशमीं गतः ॥१३७॥
137. pañcānāṁ triṣu varṇeṣu bhūyāṁsi guṇavanti ca ,
yatra syuḥ so'tra mānārhaḥ śūdro'pi daśamīṁ gataḥ.
yatra syuḥ so'tra mānārhaḥ śūdro'pi daśamīṁ gataḥ.
137.
pañcānām triṣu varṇeṣu bhūyāṃsi guṇavanti ca yatra
syuḥ saḥ atra mānārhaḥ śūdraḥ api daśamīm gataḥ
syuḥ saḥ atra mānārhaḥ śūdraḥ api daśamīm gataḥ
137.
Among the three classes (varṇas), where more of these five factors (wealth, kin, age, action, knowledge) are found and are of good quality, that person is worthy of respect. Even a śūdra (śūdraḥ) who has attained a tenth stage (of seniority or merit) is worthy of honor.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five (factors mentioned previously) (of the five)
- त्रिषु (triṣu) - among the three (upper) classes (among the three)
- वर्णेषु (varṇeṣu) - among the classes (varṇas) (among the classes, among the colors)
- भूयांसि (bhūyāṁsi) - more numerous (factors) (more, numerous, abundant)
- गुणवन्ति (guṇavanti) - possessing good qualities (possessing qualities, virtuous, excellent)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which case)
- स्युः (syuḥ) - they exist (they may be, they should be, they exist)
- सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that one)
- अत्र (atra) - in this context (here, in this matter)
- मानार्हः (mānārhaḥ) - worthy of respect (worthy of respect, deserving honor)
- शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra (śūdraḥ) (a śūdra (member of the fourth social class))
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, and)
- दशमीम् (daśamīm) - the tenth stage (of seniority or merit) (the tenth (stage/degree))
- गतः (gataḥ) - who has attained (gone, attained, reached)
Words meanings and morphology
पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five (factors mentioned previously) (of the five)
(numeral)
त्रिषु (triṣu) - among the three (upper) classes (among the three)
(numeral)
वर्णेषु (varṇeṣu) - among the classes (varṇas) (among the classes, among the colors)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - class, social order, color, quality
भूयांसि (bhūyāṁsi) - more numerous (factors) (more, numerous, abundant)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūyas
bhūyas - more, numerous, abundant (comparative of bahu)
Comparative degree of 'bahu'
Note: Refers to the 'five factors' implicitly.
गुणवन्ति (guṇavanti) - possessing good qualities (possessing qualities, virtuous, excellent)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of guṇavat
guṇavat - possessing qualities, virtuous, excellent, meritorious
Note: Refers to the 'five factors' implicitly.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which case)
(indeclinable)
स्युः (syuḥ) - they exist (they may be, they should be, they exist)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he
अत्र (atra) - in this context (here, in this matter)
(indeclinable)
मानार्हः (mānārhaḥ) - worthy of respect (worthy of respect, deserving honor)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mānārha
mānārha - worthy of respect, deserving honor
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māna+arha)
- māna – honor, respect, pride
noun (masculine) - arha – worthy, deserving
adjective
From root √arh
Root: arh (class 1)
शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra (śūdraḥ) (a śūdra (member of the fourth social class))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a śūdra (member of the fourth social class)
अपि (api) - even (even, also, and)
(indeclinable)
दशमीम् (daśamīm) - the tenth stage (of seniority or merit) (the tenth (stage/degree))
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of daśamī
daśamī - the tenth (ordinal number)
गतः (gataḥ) - who has attained (gone, attained, reached)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gata
gata - gone, attained, reached, arrived
Past Passive Participle
From root √gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)