मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-167
आ हैव स नखाग्रेभ्यः परमं तप्यते तपः ।
यः स्रग्व्यपि द्विजोऽधीते स्वाध्यायं शक्तितोऽन्वहम ॥१६७॥
यः स्रग्व्यपि द्विजोऽधीते स्वाध्यायं शक्तितोऽन्वहम ॥१६७॥
167. ā haiva sa nakhāgrebhyaḥ paramaṁ tapyate tapaḥ ,
yaḥ sragvyapi dvijo'dhīte svādhyāyaṁ śaktito'nvaham.
yaḥ sragvyapi dvijo'dhīte svādhyāyaṁ śaktito'nvaham.
167.
ā ha eva saḥ nakhāgrebhyaḥ paramam tapyate tapaḥ | yaḥ
sragvī api dvijaḥ adhīte svādhyāyam śaktitaḥ anvaham
sragvī api dvijaḥ adhīte svādhyāyam śaktitaḥ anvaham
167.
yaḥ dvijaḥ sragvī api śaktitaḥ anvaham svādhyāyam
adhīte saḥ ā ha eva nakhāgrebhyaḥ paramam tapaḥ tapyate
adhīte saḥ ā ha eva nakhāgrebhyaḥ paramam tapaḥ tapyate
167.
That brahmin (dvija) who, even while adorned with garlands, studies his own Vedic recitation (svādhyāya) daily according to his capacity, indeed performs the highest austerity (tapas) from the very tips of his nails (i.e., completely).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आ (ā) - particle indicating emphasis, reaching up to, completely
- ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)
- एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- नखाग्रेभ्यः (nakhāgrebhyaḥ) - from head to toe; completely, entirely (from the tips of the nails)
- परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, excellent
- तप्यते (tapyate) - performs austerity, undergoes penance, suffers
- तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual effort
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which
- स्रग्वी (sragvī) - garlanded, adorned with a garland
- अपि (api) - even, also, although
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brahmin (a twice-born)
- अधीते (adhīte) - studies, recites, learns
- स्वाध्यायम् (svādhyāyam) - one's own Vedic study/recitation
- शक्तितः (śaktitaḥ) - according to one's capacity, powerfully
- अन्वहम् (anvaham) - daily, every day
Words meanings and morphology
आ (ā) - particle indicating emphasis, reaching up to, completely
(indeclinable)
ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
नखाग्रेभ्यः (nakhāgrebhyaḥ) - from head to toe; completely, entirely (from the tips of the nails)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, plural of nakhāgra
nakhāgra - nail-tip, fingertip
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nakha+agra)
- nakha – nail, claw
noun (masculine) - agra – tip, point, top, front
noun (neuter)
परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, excellent
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of parama
parama - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate
Note: agrees with tapaḥ
तप्यते (tapyate) - performs austerity, undergoes penance, suffers
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tap
Root: tap (class 1)
तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual effort
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual effort, heat
derived from root tap (to heat, to perform austerity)
Root: tap (class 1)
यः (yaḥ) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)
स्रग्वी (sragvī) - garlanded, adorned with a garland
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sragvin
sragvin - garlanded, having a wreath
derived from sraj (garland) + -vin suffix
Note: agrees with dvijaḥ
अपि (api) - even, also, although
(indeclinable)
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brahmin (a twice-born)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya; also a bird, a tooth)
derived from jan (to be born) with prefix dvi (twice)
Root: jan (class 4)
अधीते (adhīte) - studies, recites, learns
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of adhi + i
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
स्वाध्यायम् (svādhyāyam) - one's own Vedic study/recitation
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of svādhyāya
svādhyāya - self-study, one's own Vedic recitation or text, sacred study
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+adhyāya)
- sva – one's own, self
pronoun (masculine) - adhyāya – study, reading, lesson, chapter
noun (masculine)
derived from adhi + i (to go, to learn)
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
शक्तितः (śaktitaḥ) - according to one's capacity, powerfully
(indeclinable)
derived from śakti (power) + -tas suffix
अन्वहम् (anvaham) - daily, every day
(indeclinable)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (anu+ahan)
- anu – after, along, with, every
indeclinable - ahan – day
noun (neuter)