मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-198
नीचं शय्याऽऽसनं चास्य नित्यं स्याद गुरुसन्निधौ ।
गुरोस्तु चक्षुर्विषये न यथेष्टासनो भवेत ॥१९८॥
गुरोस्तु चक्षुर्विषये न यथेष्टासनो भवेत ॥१९८॥
198. nīcaṁ śayyā''sanaṁ cāsya nityaṁ syād gurusannidhau ,
gurostu cakṣurviṣaye na yatheṣṭāsano bhavet.
gurostu cakṣurviṣaye na yatheṣṭāsano bhavet.
198.
nīcam śayyā āsanam ca asya nityam syāt gurusannidhau
guroḥ tu cakṣurviṣaye na yatheṣṭāsanaḥ bhavet
guroḥ tu cakṣurviṣaye na yatheṣṭāsanaḥ bhavet
198.
asya śayyā āsanam ca gurusannidhau nityam syāt
guroḥ cakṣurviṣaye tu na yatheṣṭāsanaḥ bhavet
guroḥ cakṣurviṣaye tu na yatheṣṭāsanaḥ bhavet
198.
His bed and seat should always be low when he is near the teacher (guru). Moreover, he should not sit as he wishes within the teacher's (guru's) sight.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नीचम् (nīcam) - low (in height/status) (low, humble, base)
- शय्या (śayyā) - bed (bed, couch, sleeping)
- आसनम् (āsanam) - seat (seat, sitting, posture)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the student) (of this, of him, his)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, eternal)
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be (may be, should be, would be)
- गुरुसन्निधौ (gurusannidhau) - in the presence of the teacher (guru) (in the presence of the guru, near the guru)
- गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher (guru) (of the teacher)
- तु (tu) - moreover, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)
- चक्षुर्विषये (cakṣurviṣaye) - within the range of sight (in the range of sight, in the presence)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- यथेष्टासनः (yatheṣṭāsanaḥ) - sitting as he pleases (one whose seat is as desired, sitting as one pleases)
- भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (may be, should be, would be)
Words meanings and morphology
नीचम् (nīcam) - low (in height/status) (low, humble, base)
(adjective)
neuter, singular of nīca
nīca - low, humble, inferior, short
Note: Used adverbially.
शय्या (śayyā) - bed (bed, couch, sleeping)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of śayyā
śayyā - bed, couch, sleep, lying down
From root śī (to lie down) + yaT + ṭāp
Root: śī (class 2)
आसनम् (āsanam) - seat (seat, sitting, posture)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of āsana
āsana - seat, sitting, posture, squatting
From root ās (to sit) + lyuṭ
Root: ās (class 2)
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the student) (of this, of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the student.
नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, eternal)
(adjective)
neuter, singular of nitya
nitya - constant, perpetual, eternal, always
From ni + root i (to go) + tya
Prefix: ni
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Adverbial usage.
स्यात् (syāt) - should be (may be, should be, would be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as
Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular
From root as, Parasmaipada, optative, 3rd singular
Root: as (class 2)
गुरुसन्निधौ (gurusannidhau) - in the presence of the teacher (guru) (in the presence of the guru, near the guru)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of gurusannidhi
gurusannidhi - presence of the teacher (guru), proximity to the teacher (guru)
Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+sannidhi)
- guru – teacher, preceptor, heavy
noun (masculine) - sannidhi – presence, proximity, vicinity
noun (masculine)
From sam + ni + root dhā (to place) + ki
Prefixes: sam+ni
Root: dhā (class 3)
गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher (guru) (of the teacher)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of guru
guru - teacher, preceptor, heavy, venerable
तु (tu) - moreover, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connective particle.
चक्षुर्विषये (cakṣurviṣaye) - within the range of sight (in the range of sight, in the presence)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of cakṣurviṣaya
cakṣurviṣaya - range of sight, field of vision
Compound type : tatpurusha (cakṣus+viṣaya)
- cakṣus – eye, sight, vision
noun (neuter)
From root cakṣ (to see) + usun
Root: cakṣ (class 2) - viṣaya – sphere, range, object, domain, subject
noun (masculine)
From vi + root si (to bind) + ac
Prefix: vi
Root: si (class 5)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Particle of negation.
यथेष्टासनः (yatheṣṭāsanaḥ) - sitting as he pleases (one whose seat is as desired, sitting as one pleases)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yatheṣṭāsana
yatheṣṭāsana - one whose seat is as desired; one who sits as he wishes
Compound type : bahuvrihi (yathā+iṣṭa+āsana)
- yathā – as, just as, according to, in what manner
indeclinable - iṣṭa – desired, wished, loved, sacrificed
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root iṣ (to wish, desire)
Root: iṣ (class 4) - āsana – sitting, seat, posture
noun (neuter)
From root ās (to sit) + lyuṭ
Root: ās (class 2)
Note: Refers to the student (implied subject).
भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (may be, should be, would be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū
Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular
From root bhū, Parasmaipada, optative, 3rd singular
Root: bhū (class 1)