मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-1
विद्वद्भिः सेवितः सद्भिर्नित्यमद्वेषरागिभिः ।
हृदयेनाभ्यनुज्ञातो यो धर्मस्तं निबोधत ॥१॥
हृदयेनाभ्यनुज्ञातो यो धर्मस्तं निबोधत ॥१॥
1. vidvadbhiḥ sevitaḥ sadbhirnityamadveṣarāgibhiḥ ,
hṛdayenābhyanujñāto yo dharmastaṁ nibodhata.
hṛdayenābhyanujñāto yo dharmastaṁ nibodhata.
1.
vidvadbhiḥ sevitaḥ sadbhiḥ nityam adveṣarāgibhiḥ
hṛdayena abhyanujñātaḥ yaḥ dharmaḥ tam nibodhata
hṛdayena abhyanujñātaḥ yaḥ dharmaḥ tam nibodhata
1.
yaḥ dharmaḥ vidvadbhiḥ sadbhiḥ nityam adveṣarāgibhiḥ sevitaḥ,
hṛdayena abhyanujñātaḥ,
tam nibodhata
hṛdayena abhyanujñātaḥ,
tam nibodhata
1.
Understand that natural law (dharma) which is always followed by learned and virtuous individuals, who are free from hatred and attachment, and which is approved by one's conscience.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विद्वद्भिः (vidvadbhiḥ) - by learned individuals (by the learned, by the wise)
- सेवितः (sevitaḥ) - followed (practiced, followed, served, resorted to)
- सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by virtuous individuals (by the good, by the virtuous)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually
- अद्वेषरागिभिः (adveṣarāgibhiḥ) - by those free from hatred and attachment
- हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - by one's conscience (by the heart, by conscience, by the mind)
- अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - approved (approved, sanctioned, permitted)
- यः (yaḥ) - which, who
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (law, duty, righteousness, constitution, natural law)
- तम् (tam) - that (one)
- निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand (learn, understand, perceive)
Words meanings and morphology
विद्वद्भिः (vidvadbhiḥ) - by learned individuals (by the learned, by the wise)
(adjective)
Instrumental, plural of vidvat
vidvat - learned, wise, knowing
Present Active Participle
Derived from root vid (to know), Present Active Participle in nominative singular masculine is vidvān
Root: vid (class 2)
सेवितः (sevitaḥ) - followed (practiced, followed, served, resorted to)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sevita
sevita - practiced, followed, served, resorted to
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root sev (to serve, follow, practice)
Root: sev (class 1)
Note: Agrees with dharmaḥ
सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by virtuous individuals (by the good, by the virtuous)
(adjective)
Instrumental, plural of sat
sat - good, virtuous, existent, real
Present Active Participle
Derived from root as (to be), Present Active Participle in nominative singular masculine is san
Root: as (class 2)
नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form of nitya (eternal, constant)
अद्वेषरागिभिः (adveṣarāgibhiḥ) - by those free from hatred and attachment
(adjective)
Instrumental, plural of adveṣarāgin
adveṣarāgin - one who is free from hatred (dveṣa) and attachment (rāga)
Formed by negative prefix 'a-' and suffix '-in' (possessive) applied to the dvandva compound 'dveṣa-rāga'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dveṣa+rāga)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable - dveṣa – hatred, aversion, dislike
noun (masculine)
Root: dviṣ (class 2) - rāga – attachment, passion, affection, color
noun (masculine)
Root: rañj (class 1)
हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - by one's conscience (by the heart, by conscience, by the mind)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of hṛdaya
hṛdaya - heart, mind, conscience, innermost feeling
अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - approved (approved, sanctioned, permitted)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyanujñāta
abhyanujñāta - approved, sanctioned, permitted, assented to
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root jñā (to know) with upasargas abhi- and anu-
Prefixes: abhi+anu
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Agrees with dharmaḥ
यः (yaḥ) - which, who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Note: Relative pronoun, introduces the clause describing dharma
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (law, duty, righteousness, constitution, natural law)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature, virtue
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
तम् (tam) - that (one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, that one, it
Note: Corresponds to the relative pronoun yaḥ; object of nibodhata
निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand (learn, understand, perceive)
(verb)
2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh
Prefix: ni
Root: budh (class 1)