मनु-स्मृतिः manu-smṛtiḥ - chapter-2, verse-108

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अग्नीन्धनं भैक्षचर्यामधःशय्यां गुरोर्हितम ।
आ समावर्तनात कुर्यात कृतोपनयनो द्विजः ॥१०८॥

108. agnīndhanaṁ bhaikṣacaryāmadhaḥśayyāṁ gurorhitam ,
ā samāvartanāt kuryāt kṛtopanayano dvijaḥ.

108. agni-indhanaṃ bhaikṣacaryām adhaḥ-śayyām guroḥ
hitam ā samāvartanāt kuryāt kṛta-upanayanaḥ dvijaḥ

108. kṛta-upanayanaḥ dvijaḥ agni-indhanaṃ bhaikṣacaryām
adhaḥ-śayyām guroḥ hitam ā samāvartanāt kuryāt

108. A twice-born (dvija), having undergone the sacred thread ceremony (upanayana), should perform the kindling of the sacred fire, begging for alms, sleeping on the ground, and acts for the welfare of his teacher (guru), until his ceremonial return home (samāvartana).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

अग्नि-इन्धनं (agni-indhanaṁ) - kindling of the sacred fire (fuel for the fire, kindling the fire)

भैक्षचर्याम् (bhaikṣacaryām) - begging for alms (begging for alms, the life of a mendicant)

अधः-शय्याम् (adhaḥ-śayyām) - sleeping on the ground (sleeping on the ground, a low bed)

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher (guru) (of the teacher, for the teacher)

हितम् (hitam) - welfare (of the teacher) (welfare, benefit, beneficial, suitable)

आ (ā) - until (up to, until, including)

समावर्तनात् (samāvartanāt) - until the completion of studies (samāvartana ritual) (from returning, from completing studies)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform (should do, should perform, may do)

कृत-उपनयनः (kṛta-upanayanaḥ) - one who has undergone the sacred thread ceremony (upanayana) (one who has performed the upanayana, one for whom upanayana has been performed)

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (dvija) (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth)

Words meanings and morphology

अग्नि-इन्धनं (agni-indhanaṁ) - kindling of the sacred fire (fuel for the fire, kindling the fire)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of agni-indhana

agni-indhana - fuel for the fire, kindling the fire (from indh - to kindle)

agni (fire) + indhana (fuel, kindling)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (agni+indhana)

agni – fire, sacred fire
noun (masculine)
indhana – fuel, kindling
noun (neuter)
from root idh/indh (to kindle) + lyuṭ (suffix)
Root: indh (class 7)

Note: Object of `kuryāt`.

भैक्षचर्याम् (bhaikṣacaryām) - begging for alms (begging for alms, the life of a mendicant)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhaikṣacaryā

bhaikṣacaryā - begging for alms, wandering for alms

bhikṣā (alms) + caryā (practice, conduct)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhikṣā+caryā)

bhikṣā – alms, begging
noun (feminine)
from root bhikṣ (to beg) + a (suffix)
Root: bhikṣ (class 1)
caryā – conduct, practice, wandering
noun (feminine)
from root car (to move, to practice) + ā (suffix)
Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of `kuryāt`.

अधः-शय्याम् (adhaḥ-śayyām) - sleeping on the ground (sleeping on the ground, a low bed)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of adhaḥ-śayyā

adhaḥ-śayyā - sleeping on the ground, a low bed

adhas (below, on the ground) + śayyā (bed, sleep)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (adhas+śayyā)

adhas – below, beneath, on the ground
indeclinable
śayyā – bed, couch, sleep, lying down
noun (feminine)
from root śī (to lie down) + ya + ā
Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Object of `kuryāt`.

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher (guru) (of the teacher, for the teacher)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, heavy, important

Note: Possessive, connected to 'hitam'.

हितम् (hitam) - welfare (of the teacher) (welfare, benefit, beneficial, suitable)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - welfare, benefit, beneficial, placed, done

Past Passive Participle

from root dhā (to place, to do) + kta, with prefix hi- (often used as 'for the benefit of')

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of `kuryāt`.

आ (ā) - until (up to, until, including)

(indeclinable)

समावर्तनात् (samāvartanāt) - until the completion of studies (samāvartana ritual) (from returning, from completing studies)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of samāvartana

samāvartana - return, completion of study, a ceremonial bath and return home after completing Vedic studies

sam (together) + ā (towards) + vṛt (to turn) + lyuṭ (suffix)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Governed by `ā`.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform (should do, should perform, may do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कृत-उपनयनः (kṛta-upanayanaḥ) - one who has undergone the sacred thread ceremony (upanayana) (one who has performed the upanayana, one for whom upanayana has been performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta-upanayana

kṛta-upanayana - one for whom the upanayana has been performed, initiated

kṛta (done) + upanayana (initiation ceremony)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+upanayana)

kṛta – done, made, performed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root kṛ (to do, to make) + kta
Root: kṛ (class 8)
upanayana – initiation, sacred thread ceremony
noun (neuter)
upa (near) + nī (to lead) + lyuṭ (suffix)
Prefix: upa
Root: nī (class 1)

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (dvija) (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas who undergo upanayana), bird, tooth

dvi (twice) + ja (born)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)