मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-61
अनुष्णाभिरफेनाभिरद्भिस्तीर्थेन धर्मवित ।
शौचेप्सुः सर्वदाऽचामेदेकान्ते प्रागुदङ्मुखः ॥६१॥
शौचेप्सुः सर्वदाऽचामेदेकान्ते प्रागुदङ्मुखः ॥६१॥
61. anuṣṇābhiraphenābhiradbhistīrthena dharmavit ,
śaucepsuḥ sarvadā'cāmedekānte prāgudaṅmukhaḥ.
śaucepsuḥ sarvadā'cāmedekānte prāgudaṅmukhaḥ.
61.
anuṣṇābhiḥ aphenābhiḥ adbhiḥ tīrthena dharmavit
śaucepsuḥ sarvadā ācāmet ekānte prāk udaṅmukhaḥ
śaucepsuḥ sarvadā ācāmet ekānte prāk udaṅmukhaḥ
61.
One who knows the (natural law) (dharma) and desires purity should always perform ācamana in a secluded place, with cool, foamless water, using the prescribed tīrtha, while facing east or north.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अनुष्णाभिः (anuṣṇābhiḥ) - with water that is not hot (with unheated (water); with cool (water))
- अफेनाभिः (aphenābhiḥ) - with water that does not have foam (with foamless (water))
- अद्भिः (adbhiḥ) - with water (with waters)
- तीर्थेन (tīrthena) - by means of the prescribed tīrtha (hand area) (by means of a sacred place; by means of a method; by means of a specific part of the hand)
- धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - an individual who understands their inherent duty or righteous conduct (one who knows the (natural law) (dharma); one who knows duty or righteousness)
- शौचेप्सुः (śaucepsuḥ) - one who wishes for ritual cleanliness (desirous of purity)
- सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always; at all times
- आचामेत् (ācāmet) - one should perform ācamana (ritual sipping of water) (one should sip water)
- एकान्ते (ekānte) - in a secluded or private place (in a solitary place; in a corner; apart)
- प्राक् (prāk) - facing east (eastward; previously)
- उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north
Words meanings and morphology
अनुष्णाभिः (anuṣṇābhiḥ) - with water that is not hot (with unheated (water); with cool (water))
(adjective)
Instrumental, feminine, plural of anuṣṇa
anuṣṇa - not hot, cool, temperate
Negative prefix 'an' + 'uṣṇa' (hot).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+uṣṇa)
- an – not, non-
indeclinable
negative prefix - uṣṇa – hot, warm
adjective (masculine)
अफेनाभिः (aphenābhiḥ) - with water that does not have foam (with foamless (water))
(adjective)
Instrumental, feminine, plural of aphena
aphena - foamless, without foam
Negative prefix 'a' + 'phena' (foam).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+phena)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
negative prefix - phena – foam, froth
noun (masculine)
अद्भिः (adbhiḥ) - with water (with waters)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, plural of ap
ap - water
Always plural in Sanskrit.
Note: Means by which ācamana is performed.
तीर्थेन (tīrthena) - by means of the prescribed tīrtha (hand area) (by means of a sacred place; by means of a method; by means of a specific part of the hand)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tīrtha
tīrtha - a ford, a bathing place, a sacred place; a proper time or manner; a specific part of the hand for religious rites
धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - an individual who understands their inherent duty or righteous conduct (one who knows the (natural law) (dharma); one who knows duty or righteousness)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavit
dharmavit - one who knows the law, one who knows what is right, righteous
Compound of dharma + vit (from √vid, to know).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vid)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - vid – knowing, wise, knowledgeable
adjective (masculine)
agent noun/suffix
from √vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Subject of the sentence (implied).
शौचेप्सुः (śaucepsuḥ) - one who wishes for ritual cleanliness (desirous of purity)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śaucepsu
śaucepsu - desirous of purity, wishing for cleanliness
Compound of śauca (purity) + īpsu (desirous, from √āp, to obtain, desiderative).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śauca+īpsu)
- śauca – purity, cleanliness
noun (neuter) - īpsu – desirous of obtaining, wishing for
adjective (masculine)
desiderative participle
from √āp (to obtain) in desiderative form
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject.
सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always; at all times
(indeclinable)
Adverb formed from 'sarva' (all) + 'dā' (time suffix).
आचामेत् (ācāmet) - one should perform ācamana (ritual sipping of water) (one should sip water)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ā-√cam
optative mood, 3rd person singular
Pāṇinian dhātu `cam` (class 1, `camati`) with prefix `ā`.
Prefix: ā
Root: cam (class 1)
एकान्ते (ekānte) - in a secluded or private place (in a solitary place; in a corner; apart)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of ekānta
ekānta - solitary, secluded; a solitary place
Compound of eka (one) + anta (end, border).
Compound type : karmadhāraya / tatpuruṣa (eka+anta)
- eka – one, single, sole
numeral (masculine) - anta – end, border, limit, vicinity
noun (masculine)
Note: Indicates location.
प्राक् (prāk) - facing east (eastward; previously)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb of direction. Part of `prāgudaṅmukhaḥ`.
उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of udaṅmukha
udaṅmukha - facing north
Compound of udañc (north) + mukha (face).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udañc+mukha)
- udañc – northern, facing north
adjective (masculine) - mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter)
Note: Part of compound `prāgudaṅmukhaḥ` meaning 'facing east or north'.