मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-56
नौच्छिष्टं कस्य चिद दद्यान्नाद्यादेतत तथाऽन्तरा ।
न चैवात्यशनं कुर्यान्न चौच्छिष्टः क्व चिद व्रजेत ॥५६॥
न चैवात्यशनं कुर्यान्न चौच्छिष्टः क्व चिद व्रजेत ॥५६॥
56. naucchiṣṭaṁ kasya cid dadyānnādyādetat tathā'ntarā ,
na caivātyaśanaṁ kuryānna caucchiṣṭaḥ kva cid vrajet.
na caivātyaśanaṁ kuryānna caucchiṣṭaḥ kva cid vrajet.
56.
na ucchiṣṭam kasyacit dadyāt na adyāt etat tathā antarā
na ca eva atyaśanam kuryāt na ca ucchiṣṭaḥ kvacit vrajet
na ca eva atyaśanam kuryāt na ca ucchiṣṭaḥ kvacit vrajet
56.
kasyacit ucchiṣṭam na dadyāt tathā antarā etat na adyāt
ca eva atyaśanam na kuryāt ca ucchiṣṭaḥ kvacit na vrajet
ca eva atyaśanam na kuryāt ca ucchiṣṭaḥ kvacit na vrajet
56.
One should not give food remnants to anyone, nor should one eat between regular meals. One should definitely not overeat, and one should not go anywhere while having remnants of food (on one's person).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- उच्छिष्टम् (ucchiṣṭam) - food remnants (leftover food, remnant, impure from eating)
- कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - to anyone (to anyone, of someone)
- दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- अद्यात् (adyāt) - one should eat
- एतत् (etat) - this (food) (this, that)
- तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, in that manner, also)
- अन्तरा (antarā) - between (meals) (between, in between, meanwhile)
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly
- अत्यशनम् (atyaśanam) - overeating, excessive eating
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, one should make
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- च (ca) - and, also
- उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - with food remnants (on one's person) (having food remnants, impure from eating)
- क्वचित् (kvacit) - anywhere (anywhere, somewhere, at some time)
- व्रजेत् (vrajet) - one should go, one should move
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation.
उच्छिष्टम् (ucchiṣṭam) - food remnants (leftover food, remnant, impure from eating)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ucchiṣṭa
ucchiṣṭa - leftover, remnant (especially of food), impure from eating
Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
From 'ud' + root 'śiṣ' (to leave) + 'kta' suffix.
Prefix: ud
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
Note: Object of 'dadyāt'.
कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - to anyone (to anyone, of someone)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kimcit
kimcit - someone, something, anyone, anything
Derived from 'kim' (what/who) + 'cit' (an indefinite particle).
Note: Used with 'dadyāt', implying 'for' or 'to' (dative sense with genitive).
दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhi-liṅ) of dā
Potential Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice
Root dā (Pāṇinian Dhātupāṭha class 3) conjugated in the Potential Mood (vidhi-liṅ), parasmaipada.
Root: dā (class 3)
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation.
अद्यात् (adyāt) - one should eat
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhi-liṅ) of ad
Potential Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice
Root ad (Pāṇinian Dhātupāṭha class 2) conjugated in the Potential Mood (vidhi-liṅ), parasmaipada.
Root: ad (class 2)
एतत् (etat) - this (food) (this, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, that
Note: Refers to 'aśanam' from previous verses or food in general.
तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, in that manner, also)
(indeclinable)
अन्तरा (antarā) - between (meals) (between, in between, meanwhile)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial usage.
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
अत्यशनम् (atyaśanam) - overeating, excessive eating
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of atyaśana
atyaśana - overeating, excessive eating
Compound of 'ati' (excessive) + 'aśana' (eating).
Compound type : avyayībhāva / tatpuruṣa (ati+aśana)
- ati – over, excessive, beyond
indeclinable - aśana – eating, food
noun (neuter)
From root 'aś' (to eat) + Lyuṭ suffix.
Root: aś (class 9)
Note: Object of 'kuryāt'.
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, one should make
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ
Potential Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice
Root kṛ (Pāṇinian Dhātupāṭha class 8) conjugated in the Potential Mood (vidhi-liṅ), parasmaipada.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - with food remnants (on one's person) (having food remnants, impure from eating)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ucchiṣṭa
ucchiṣṭa - leftover, remnant (especially of food), impure from eating; one who has eaten and not yet purified oneself
Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
From 'ud' + root 'śiṣ' (to leave) + 'kta' suffix. Here, it functions adjectivally to describe the implied agent.
Prefix: ud
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
Note: Qualifies the implied agent (one).
क्वचित् (kvacit) - anywhere (anywhere, somewhere, at some time)
(indeclinable)
From 'kva' (where) + 'cit' (indefinite particle).
Note: Adverb of place.
व्रजेत् (vrajet) - one should go, one should move
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhi-liṅ) of vraj
Potential Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice
Root vraj (Pāṇinian Dhātupāṭha class 1) conjugated in the Potential Mood (vidhi-liṅ), parasmaipada.
Root: vraj (class 1)