मनु-स्मृतिः manu-smṛtiḥ - chapter-2, verse-125

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आयुष्मान भव सौम्यैति वाच्यो विप्रोऽभिवादने ।
अकारश्चास्य नाम्नोऽन्ते वाच्यः पूर्वाक्षरः प्लुतः ॥१२५॥

125. āyuṣmān bhava soṁyaiti vācyo vipro'bhivādane ,
akāraścāsya nāmno'nte vācyaḥ pūrvākṣaraḥ plutaḥ.

125. āyuṣmān bhava saumya iti vācyaḥ vipraḥ abhivādane
akāraḥ ca asya nāmnaḥ ante vācyaḥ pūrvākṣaraḥ plutaḥ

125. When a brahmin (vipra) is saluted, he should be addressed with "May you be long-lived, O gentle one." Furthermore, the final vowel of his name should be pronounced in a prolonged (pluta) manner.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

आयुष्मान् (āyuṣmān) - (May you be) long-lived (long-lived, endowed with long life)

भव (bhava) - May you be (long-lived) (be, become (imperative))

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (vocative address to the Brahmin) (O gentle one, O good one, O son of Soma)

इति (iti) - marks the end of the direct speech blessing (thus, so, marking direct speech)

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - should be addressed (with these words) (to be said, to be spoken, should be addressed)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a brahmin (vipra) (a brahmin, a sage)

अभिवादने (abhivādane) - when the act of salutation is being performed (by the Brahmin) (in salutation, at the time of greeting)

अकारः (akāraḥ) - the vowel 'a' (the letter 'a')

च (ca) - and, furthermore (and, also)

अस्य (asya) - of his (the Brahmin's) (of him, of this)

नाम्नः (nāmnaḥ) - of his name (of the name)

अन्ते (ante) - at the end (of his name) (at the end, lastly)

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - should be pronounced (to be said, to be spoken, should be uttered)

पूर्वाक्षरः (pūrvākṣaraḥ) - the final vowel (often interpreted as the vowel of the last syllable, hence 'preceding' the end of the word if a consonant terminates it) (the preceding syllable/letter, the former letter)

प्लुतः (plutaḥ) - pronounced with a protracted vowel sound (usually three mātrās) (prolonged, protracted (vowel sound))

Words meanings and morphology

आयुष्मान् (āyuṣmān) - (May you be) long-lived (long-lived, endowed with long life)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyuṣmat

āyuṣmat - possessing life, long-lived, healthy

From `āyus` (life) + `matup` suffix

Note: Predicate of `bhava`.

भव (bhava) - May you be (long-lived) (be, become (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative Mood

Root `bhū`, `loṭ`, `parasmaipada`, 2nd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is 'you'.

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (vocative address to the Brahmin) (O gentle one, O good one, O son of Soma)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, benevolent, agreeable, beautiful, related to Soma

Derived from `soma`

इति (iti) - marks the end of the direct speech blessing (thus, so, marking direct speech)

(indeclinable)

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - should be addressed (with these words) (to be said, to be spoken, should be addressed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, to be said, speakable, fit to be uttered (Gerundive)

Gerundive

From root `vac` (to speak) + `ṇyat` suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Implies obligation/propriety.

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a brahmin (vipra) (a brahmin, a sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - inspired, wise, a sage, a Brahmin, a priest, learned

From root `vip` (to tremble, to be inspired)

Root: vip

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

अभिवादने (abhivādane) - when the act of salutation is being performed (by the Brahmin) (in salutation, at the time of greeting)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of abhivādana

abhivādana - saluting, greeting, respectful address

From prefix `abhi-` + root `vad` (to speak), + `lyuṭ` suffix

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially for 'when'.

अकारः (akāraḥ) - the vowel 'a' (the letter 'a')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akāra

akāra - the sound or letter 'a'

Compound of `a` (letter) and `kāra` (form, making)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+kāra)

a – the letter 'a'
indeclinable
kāra – maker, doing, act, sound, letter
noun (masculine)
From root `kṛ` (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and, furthermore (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of his (the Brahmin's) (of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to `vipraḥ`.

नाम्नः (nāmnaḥ) - of his name (of the name)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, noun

अन्ते (ante) - at the end (of his name) (at the end, lastly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - should be pronounced (to be said, to be spoken, should be uttered)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, to be said, speakable, fit to be uttered (Gerundive)

Gerundive

From root `vac` (to speak) + `ṇyat` suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Implies obligation/propriety.

पूर्वाक्षरः (pūrvākṣaraḥ) - the final vowel (often interpreted as the vowel of the last syllable, hence 'preceding' the end of the word if a consonant terminates it) (the preceding syllable/letter, the former letter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrvākṣara

pūrvākṣara - the preceding letter, the initial letter, the former syllable

Compound of `pūrva` (prior, former) and `akṣara` (letter, syllable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+akṣara)