मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-130
मातुलांश्च पितृव्यांश्च श्वशुरान ऋत्विजो गुरून ।
असावहमिति ब्रूयात प्रत्युत्थाय यवीयसः ॥१३०॥
असावहमिति ब्रूयात प्रत्युत्थाय यवीयसः ॥१३०॥
130. mātulāṁśca pitṛvyāṁśca śvaśurān ṛtvijo gurūn ,
asāvahamiti brūyāt pratyutthāya yavīyasaḥ.
asāvahamiti brūyāt pratyutthāya yavīyasaḥ.
130.
mātulān ca pitṛvyān ca śvaśurān ṛtvijaḥ gurūn
asau aham iti brūyāt pratyutthāya yavīyasaḥ
asau aham iti brūyāt pratyutthāya yavīyasaḥ
130.
yavīyasaḥ mātulān ca pitṛvyān ca śvaśurān
ṛtvijaḥ gurūn pratyutthāya asau aham iti brūyāt
ṛtvijaḥ gurūn pratyutthāya asau aham iti brūyāt
130.
A younger person should rise for maternal uncles, paternal uncles, fathers-in-law, priests, and teachers, and address them by saying, 'It is I.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मातुलान् (mātulān) - maternal uncles
- च (ca) - and
- पितृव्यान् (pitṛvyān) - paternal uncles
- च (ca) - and
- श्वशुरान् (śvaśurān) - fathers-in-law
- ऋत्विजः (ṛtvijaḥ) - priests, ritual priests
- गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers, preceptors
- असौ (asau) - this, that (person)
- अहम् (aham) - I, myself
- इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote
- ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - one should say, he should say
- प्रत्युत्थाय (pratyutthāya) - having risen up, after rising
- यवीयसः (yavīyasaḥ) - Here, it specifies that the preceding action (`pratyutthāya asau aham iti brūyāt`) is to be performed by someone junior or younger. (of a younger person, by a younger person (implicitly as agent))
Words meanings and morphology
मातुलान् (mātulān) - maternal uncles
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of mātula
mātula - maternal uncle (mother's brother)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
पितृव्यान् (pitṛvyān) - paternal uncles
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛvya
pitṛvya - paternal uncle (father's brother)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
श्वशुरान् (śvaśurān) - fathers-in-law
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śvaśura
śvaśura - father-in-law
ऋत्विजः (ṛtvijaḥ) - priests, ritual priests
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛtvij
ṛtvij - sacrificial priest, officiating priest, one who performs a Vedic ritual (yajña)
गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers, preceptors
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of guru
guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, respected person
असौ (asau) - this, that (person)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine/feminine, singular of adas
adas - that, this, yonder (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Refers to 'this person' (oneself in this context).
अहम् (aham) - I, myself
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I (first person singular pronoun)
इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote
(indeclinable)
ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - one should say, he should say
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of brū
optative mood, 3rd person singular
from root `brū` (2nd class verb, `ad-ādi-gaṇa`)
Root: brū (class 2)
प्रत्युत्थाय (pratyutthāya) - having risen up, after rising
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
from root `sthā` with prefixes `ud` and `prati`
Prefixes: prati+ud
Root: sthā (class 1)
यवीयसः (yavīyasaḥ) - Here, it specifies that the preceding action (`pratyutthāya asau aham iti brūyāt`) is to be performed by someone junior or younger. (of a younger person, by a younger person (implicitly as agent))
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yavīyas
yavīyas - younger, inferior
Comparative form of `yuvan` (young).
Note: Best interpreted as denoting the subject of the action: 'by a younger one'.