मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-87
जप्येनैव तु संसिध्येद ब्राह्मणो नात्र संशयः ।
कुर्यादन्यन्न वा कुर्यान मैत्रो ब्राह्मण उच्यते ॥८७॥
कुर्यादन्यन्न वा कुर्यान मैत्रो ब्राह्मण उच्यते ॥८७॥
87. japyenaiva tu saṁsidhyed brāhmaṇo nātra saṁśayaḥ ,
kuryādanyanna vā kuryān maitro brāhmaṇa ucyate.
kuryādanyanna vā kuryān maitro brāhmaṇa ucyate.
87.
japyena eva tu saṃsidhyet brāhmaṇaḥ na atra saṃśayaḥ
kuryāt anyat na vā kuryāt maitraḥ brāhmaṇaḥ ucyate
kuryāt anyat na vā kuryāt maitraḥ brāhmaṇaḥ ucyate
87.
brāhmaṇaḥ japyena eva tu saṃsidhyet atra saṃśayaḥ na
anyat kuryāt vā na kuryāt maitraḥ brāhmaṇaḥ ucyate
anyat kuryāt vā na kuryāt maitraḥ brāhmaṇaḥ ucyate
87.
A brahmin achieves perfection (saṃsiddhi) through silent recitation (japa) alone; there is no doubt about this. Whether he performs other (rituals) or not, he is called a benevolent (maitra) brahmin.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- जप्येन (japyena) - by means of silent recitation (japa) (by recitation, by japa)
- एव (eva) - only, precisely (only, indeed, just, very)
- तु (tu) - indeed (used for emphasis, often untranslated in English prose) (but, on the other hand, however)
- संसिध्येत् (saṁsidhyet) - he would achieve perfection (saṃsiddhi) (he would achieve perfection, he would succeed)
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin (a brahmin, a priest)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- अत्र (atra) - in this matter, on this point (here, in this)
- संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty)
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he may perform (he should do, he may do)
- अन्यत् (anyat) - other (rituals or duties) (other, another)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- वा (vā) - or
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - or not perform (them) (he should do, he may do)
- मैत्रः (maitraḥ) - benevolent (brahmin) (friendly, benevolent, born from or belonging to Mitra)
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin (a brahmin, a priest)
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called, is declared)
Words meanings and morphology
जप्येन (japyena) - by means of silent recitation (japa) (by recitation, by japa)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of japya
japya - that which is to be recited, fit for recitation, silent recitation
Gerundive
Derived from root 'jap' with suffix '-ya'
Root: jap (class 1)
Note: Used here as a noun meaning 'the act of japa'.
एव (eva) - only, precisely (only, indeed, just, very)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes that japa alone is sufficient.
तु (tu) - indeed (used for emphasis, often untranslated in English prose) (but, on the other hand, however)
(indeclinable)
संसिध्येत् (saṁsidhyet) - he would achieve perfection (saṃsiddhi) (he would achieve perfection, he would succeed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of samsidh
From root sidh with upasarga sam-
Prefix: sam
Root: sidh (class 4)
Note: Indicates potential or desirability.
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin (a brahmin, a priest)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class, a brahmin, pertaining to Brahman
Note: Subject of 'saṃsidhyet'.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
अत्र (atra) - in this matter, on this point (here, in this)
(indeclinable)
संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya
saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation
Prefix: sam
Root: śī (class 2)
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he may perform (he should do, he may do)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Refers to the brahmin.
अन्यत् (anyat) - other (rituals or duties) (other, another)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Object of 'kuryāt'.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - or not perform (them) (he should do, he may do)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Refers to the brahmin, paired with the previous 'kuryāt' for 'either... or not...'
मैत्रः (maitraḥ) - benevolent (brahmin) (friendly, benevolent, born from or belonging to Mitra)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of maitra
maitra - friendly, benevolent, born from Mitra, relating to a friend
Note: Predicate adjective for 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin (a brahmin, a priest)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class, a brahmin, pertaining to Brahman
Note: Subject of 'ucyate'.
उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called, is declared)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vac
Passive voice formation of root vac (often appearing as ucyate)
Root: vac (class 2)