मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-119
शय्याऽऽसनेऽध्याचरिते श्रेयसा न समाविशेत ।
शय्याऽऽसनस्थश्चैवेनं प्रत्युत्थायाभिवादयेत ॥११९॥
शय्याऽऽसनस्थश्चैवेनं प्रत्युत्थायाभिवादयेत ॥११९॥
119. śayyā''sane'dhyācarite śreyasā na samāviśet ,
śayyā''sanasthaścaivenaṁ pratyutthāyābhivādayet.
śayyā''sanasthaścaivenaṁ pratyutthāyābhivādayet.
119.
śayyā āsane adhyācarite śreyasā na samāviśeta | śayyā
āsanasthaḥ ca eva enam pratyutthāya abhivādayeta
āsanasthaḥ ca eva enam pratyutthāya abhivādayeta
119.
śreyasā adhyācarite śayyā āsane na samāviśeta ca
eva śayyā āsanasthaḥ enam pratyutthāya abhivādayeta
eva śayyā āsanasthaḥ enam pratyutthāya abhivādayeta
119.
One should not sit down upon a bed or seat that has been occupied by a venerable person. And one who is already seated on a bed or seat should rise and salute him.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शय्या (śayyā) - bed, couch
- आसने (āsane) - on a seat; in a sitting posture
- अध्याचरिते (adhyācarite) - occupied, used, made use of
- श्रेयसा (śreyasā) - by a superior/venerable person; by excellence
- न (na) - not, no
- समाविशेत (samāviśeta) - one should sit down, should enter
- शय्या (śayyā) - bed, couch
- आसनस्थः (āsanasthaḥ) - one who is on a seat; seated
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- एनम् (enam) - him
- प्रत्युत्थाय (pratyutthāya) - having risen up, after rising
- अभिवादयेत (abhivādayeta) - one should salute/greet
Words meanings and morphology
शय्या (śayyā) - bed, couch
(noun)
Locative, feminine, dual of śayyā
śayyā - a bed, couch; lying down, sleeping
Note: Forms a dvandva compound with 'āsane', hence dual ending.
आसने (āsane) - on a seat; in a sitting posture
(noun)
Locative, neuter, dual of āsana
āsana - seat, sitting; sitting posture; a particular kind of seat or mat
Note: Forms a dvandva compound with 'śayyā', hence dual ending.
अध्याचरिते (adhyācarite) - occupied, used, made use of
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, dual of adhyācarita
adhyācarita - occupied, used, resorted to, trodden on
Past Passive Participle
From root `car` (to move, go) with prefixes `adhi-ā`.
Prefixes: adhi+ā
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Modifies the dvandva compound `śayyā-āsane`.
श्रेयसा (śreyasā) - by a superior/venerable person; by excellence
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of śreyas
śreyas - superior, excellent, better, more venerable; good fortune, prosperity
Note: Used as a noun referring to a venerable person.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
समाविशेत (samāviśeta) - one should sit down, should enter
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of samāviś
From root `viś` (to enter) with prefixes `sam-ā`.
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: viś (class 6)
शय्या (śayyā) - bed, couch
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of śayyā
śayyā - a bed, couch; lying down, sleeping
Note: Used here as the first part of a compound `śayyā-āsanasthaḥ`.
आसनस्थः (āsanasthaḥ) - one who is on a seat; seated
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āsanastha
āsanastha - seated, sitting on a seat
Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (āsana+stha)
- āsana – seat, sitting; sitting posture
noun (neuter) - stha – standing, staying, situated, being in
adjective (masculine)
From root `sthā`.
Root: sthā (class 1)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
एनम् (enam) - him
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ena
ena - this, that (a pronominal stem used in some cases)
प्रत्युत्थाय (pratyutthāya) - having risen up, after rising
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root `sthā` (to stand) with prefixes `prati-ud`.
Prefixes: prati+ud
Root: sthā (class 1)
अभिवादयेत (abhivādayeta) - one should salute/greet
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of abhivādaya
From root `vad` (to speak) with `abhi-`, in causative form with `aya` suffix, then optative.
Prefix: abhi
Root: vad (class 1)