मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-202
दूरस्थो नार्चयेदेनं न क्रुद्धो नान्तिके स्त्रियाः ।
यानासनस्थश्चैवैनमवरुह्याभिवादयेत ॥२०२॥
यानासनस्थश्चैवैनमवरुह्याभिवादयेत ॥२०२॥
202. dūrastho nārcayedenaṁ na kruddho nāntike striyāḥ ,
yānāsanasthaścaivainamavaruhyābhivādayet.
yānāsanasthaścaivainamavaruhyābhivādayet.
202.
dūrasthaḥ na arcayeta enam na kruddhaḥ na antike
striyāḥ yānāsanasthaḥ ca eva enam avaruhya abhivādayeta
striyāḥ yānāsanasthaḥ ca eva enam avaruhya abhivādayeta
202.
One should not honor one's (guru) from a distance, nor while one is angry, nor while one is near a woman. Furthermore, if one is in a vehicle or seated, one should first dismount or stand up, and then offer respects to the (guru).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दूरस्थः (dūrasthaḥ) - being at a distance (from the (guru)) (standing far, being at a distance)
- न (na) - not (not, no, nor)
- अर्चयेत (arcayeta) - should honor (the (guru)) (should worship, should honor)
- एनम् (enam) - him (the (guru)) (him, this one)
- न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)
- क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - while being angry (angry, enraged)
- न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)
- अन्तिके (antike) - near (a woman) (near, in the vicinity)
- स्त्रियाः (striyāḥ) - near a woman (genitive of association with antike) (of a woman, from a woman)
- यानासनस्थः (yānāsanasthaḥ) - being in a vehicle or on a seat
- च (ca) - and, furthermore (and, also, moreover)
- एव (eva) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, only, just, even)
- एनम् (enam) - him (the (guru)) (him, this one)
- अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having dismounted (from a vehicle or seat) (having descended, having dismounted)
- अभिवादयेत (abhivādayeta) - should offer respects (to the (guru)) (should greet, should bow down to)
Words meanings and morphology
दूरस्थः (dūrasthaḥ) - being at a distance (from the (guru)) (standing far, being at a distance)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dūrastha
dūrastha - standing far, being at a distance
From dūra (far) + stha (standing, being)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dūra+stha)
- dūra – far, distant, remote
adjective (neuter) - stha – standing, staying, being, located in
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: The implied subject is a student.
न (na) - not (not, no, nor)
(indeclinable)
अर्चयेत (arcayeta) - should honor (the (guru)) (should worship, should honor)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of arc
Causative
Optative 3rd person singular, active voice of causative stem.
Root: arc (class 1)
Note: The implied subject is a student.
एनम् (enam) - him (the (guru)) (him, this one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ena
ena - him, this one
Note: Refers to the (guru).
न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)
(indeclinable)
क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - while being angry (angry, enraged)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha
kruddha - angry, enraged, furious
Past Passive Participle
From root krudh (to be angry).
Root: krudh (class 4)
Note: Functions adverbially here, describing the state of the student.
न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)
(indeclinable)
अन्तिके (antike) - near (a woman) (near, in the vicinity)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of antika
antika - near, proximity, vicinity
स्त्रियाः (striyāḥ) - near a woman (genitive of association with antike) (of a woman, from a woman)
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of strī
strī - woman, female
Note: Governed by antike.
यानासनस्थः (yānāsanasthaḥ) - being in a vehicle or on a seat
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yānāsanastha
yānāsanastha - being in a vehicle or on a seat
Compound of yāna (vehicle), āsana (seat), and stha (standing/being).
Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (yāna+āsana+stha)
- yāna – vehicle, carriage, going
noun (neuter)
Root: yā (class 2) - āsana – seat, sitting, posture
noun (neuter)
Root: ās (class 2) - stha – standing, staying, being, located in
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Refers to the student's state.
च (ca) - and, furthermore (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects clauses.
एव (eva) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, only, just, even)
(indeclinable)
एनम् (enam) - him (the (guru)) (him, this one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ena
ena - him, this one
Note: Refers to the (guru).
अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having dismounted (from a vehicle or seat) (having descended, having dismounted)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root ruh with prefix ava.
Prefix: ava
Root: ruh (class 1)
अभिवादयेत (abhivādayeta) - should offer respects (to the (guru)) (should greet, should bow down to)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of abhivād
Causative
Optative 3rd person singular, active voice. Formed from abhi + vad (to speak) in the causative vādaya.
Prefix: abhi
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: The implied subject is a student.