मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-25
एषा धर्मस्य वो योनिः समासेन प्रकीर्तिता ।
संभवश्चास्य सर्वस्य वर्णधर्मान्निबोधत ॥२५॥
संभवश्चास्य सर्वस्य वर्णधर्मान्निबोधत ॥२५॥
25. eṣā dharmasya vo yoniḥ samāsena prakīrtitā ,
saṁbhavaścāsya sarvasya varṇadharmānnibodhata.
saṁbhavaścāsya sarvasya varṇadharmānnibodhata.
25.
eṣā dharmasya vaḥ yoniḥ samāsena prakīrtitā
saṃbhavaḥ ca asya sarvasya varṇadharmān nibodhata
saṃbhavaḥ ca asya sarvasya varṇadharmān nibodhata
25.
eṣā vaḥ dharmasya yoniḥ samāsena prakīrtitā (asti).
ca asya sarvasya saṃbhavaḥ (cha),
varṇadharmān (cha) nibodhata
ca asya sarvasya saṃbhavaḥ (cha),
varṇadharmān (cha) nibodhata
25.
This source of (natural) law (dharma) has been concisely declared to you. And now understand the origin of all this, as well as the intrinsic natures (dharma) of the social classes.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)
- धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of (natural) law (dharma) (of (natural) law (dharma), of duty, of righteousness)
- वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural) (to you, for you (plural))
- योनिः (yoniḥ) - source (source, origin, womb)
- समासेन (samāsena) - in brief, concisely
- प्रकीर्तिता (prakīrtitā) - concisely declared (declared, described, proclaimed)
- संभवः (saṁbhavaḥ) - origin, birth, creation
- च (ca) - and now (and, also)
- अस्य (asya) - of this (of this, its)
- सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all (this, i.e., the social order) (of all, of the whole)
- वर्णधर्मान् (varṇadharmān) - the intrinsic natures (dharma) of the social classes, the duties of the social classes
- निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand (you all) (learn, understand, perceive (plural imperative))
Words meanings and morphology
एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to 'yoniḥ'.
धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of (natural) law (dharma) (of (natural) law (dharma), of duty, of righteousness)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - (natural) law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution
From root dhṛ- 'to uphold, support'.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Governs 'yoniḥ'.
वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural) (to you, for you (plural))
(pronoun)
Dative, plural of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (plural)
Note: Recipient of the declaration.
योनिः (yoniḥ) - source (source, origin, womb)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yoni
yoni - source, origin, place of birth, womb, vulva
Note: Predicate nominative.
समासेन (samāsena) - in brief, concisely
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of samāsa
samāsa - compound, abridgment, summary, brevity
Derived from samāsa with the instrumental ending.
Prefix: sam
Root: as (class 4)
Note: Indicates manner.
प्रकीर्तिता (prakīrtitā) - concisely declared (declared, described, proclaimed)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of prakīrtita
prakīrtita - declared, described, proclaimed, praised
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root kīrt- with prefix pra-.
Prefix: pra
Root: kīrt (class 10)
Note: Agrees with 'yoniḥ'.
संभवः (saṁbhavaḥ) - origin, birth, creation
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhava
saṁbhava - origin, birth, production, possibility, existence
From root bhū- with prefix sam-.
Prefix: sam
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Subject of an implied verb like 'is' or 'has been declared'.
च (ca) - and now (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अस्य (asya) - of this (of this, its)
(pronoun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Refers to 'sarvasya' in a compound or related sense.
सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all (this, i.e., the social order) (of all, of the whole)
(pronoun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of sarva
sarva - all, whole, entire, every
Note: Modifies 'saṃbhavaḥ' as 'origin of all'.
वर्णधर्मान् (varṇadharmān) - the intrinsic natures (dharma) of the social classes, the duties of the social classes
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of varṇadharma
varṇadharma - the (intrinsic nature, duty, or) dharma of the social classes
Compound type : tatpurusha (varṇa+dharma)
- varṇa – color, social class, caste, sound, letter
noun (masculine) - dharma – (natural) law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ- 'to uphold, support'.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Direct object of 'nibodhata'.
निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand (you all) (learn, understand, perceive (plural imperative))
(verb)
2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh
Prefix: ni
Root: budh (class 1)