मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-190
ब्राह्मणस्यैव कर्मैतदुपदिष्टं मनीषिभिः ।
राजन्यवैश्ययोस्त्वेवं नैतत कर्म विधीयते ॥१९०॥
राजन्यवैश्ययोस्त्वेवं नैतत कर्म विधीयते ॥१९०॥
190. brāhmaṇasyaiva karmaitadupadiṣṭaṁ manīṣibhiḥ ,
rājanyavaiśyayostvevaṁ naitat karma vidhīyate.
rājanyavaiśyayostvevaṁ naitat karma vidhīyate.
190.
brāhmaṇasya eva karma etat upadiṣṭam manīṣibhiḥ
rājanyavaiśyayoḥ tu evam na etat karma vidhīyate
rājanyavaiśyayoḥ tu evam na etat karma vidhīyate
190.
manīṣibhiḥ etat karma brāhmaṇasya eva upadiṣṭam
tu evam etat karma rājanyavaiśyayoḥ na vidhīyate
tu evam etat karma rājanyavaiśyayoḥ na vidhīyate
190.
This action (karma) has been instructed by the wise ones as exclusively belonging to a brahmin. However, for a kṣatriya or a vaiśya, this particular action is not prescribed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin (of a brahmin, of a spiritual person)
- एव (eva) - only, exclusively (only, indeed, just, certainly)
- कर्म (karma) - action, duty (action, deed, ritual, duty, work)
- एतत् (etat) - this (action) (this, this one)
- उपदिष्टम् (upadiṣṭam) - instructed (taught, instructed, prescribed)
- मनीषिभिः (manīṣibhiḥ) - by the wise ones (by the wise, by the intelligent)
- राजन्यवैश्ययोः (rājanyavaiśyayoḥ) - for a kṣatriya and a vaiśya (of/for the kṣatriya and the vaiśya)
- तु (tu) - however, but (but, on the other hand, however)
- एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- एतत् (etat) - this (action) (this, this one)
- कर्म (karma) - action, duty (action, deed, ritual, duty, work)
- विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed (is prescribed, is ordained, is performed)
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin (of a brahmin, of a spiritual person)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, a man of the priestly class, one who knows or worships brahman, a text related to the Vedas
From brahman + aṇ (P. 4.2.59)
एव (eva) - only, exclusively (only, indeed, just, certainly)
(indeclinable)
कर्म (karma) - action, duty (action, deed, ritual, duty, work)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, duty, ritual, consequence of actions, fate
From root kṛ (to do) + man (suffix)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Context suggests nominative.
एतत् (etat) - this (action) (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one, here
Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Agrees with 'karma'.
उपदिष्टम् (upadiṣṭam) - instructed (taught, instructed, prescribed)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of upadiṣṭa
upadiṣṭa - taught, instructed, prescribed, advised
Past Passive Participle
From root diś (to point, show) with prefix upa (near, towards)
Prefix: upa
Root: diś (class 6)
Note: Functions as predicate adjective.
मनीषिभिः (manīṣibhiḥ) - by the wise ones (by the wise, by the intelligent)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of manīṣin
manīṣin - wise, intelligent, sagacious, a wise person, a thinker
From manīṣā (intellect) + in (suffix)
Note: Agent in passive construction.
राजन्यवैश्ययोः (rājanyavaiśyayoḥ) - for a kṣatriya and a vaiśya (of/for the kṣatriya and the vaiśya)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of rājanyavaiśya
rājanyavaiśya - kṣatriya and vaiśya (dual compound)
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (rājanya+vaiśya)
- rājanya – of kingly race, a kṣatriya
noun (masculine)
From rājan (king) - vaiśya – a man of the merchant or agricultural class, a vaiśya
noun (masculine)
From viś (settlement, community)
Note: Also locative dual. Context suggests dative/genitive 'for whom'.
तु (tu) - however, but (but, on the other hand, however)
(indeclinable)
एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
एतत् (etat) - this (action) (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one, here
Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Agrees with 'karma'.
कर्म (karma) - action, duty (action, deed, ritual, duty, work)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, duty, ritual, consequence of actions, fate
From root kṛ (to do) + man (suffix)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Subject of passive verb 'vidhīyate'.
विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed (is prescribed, is ordained, is performed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā
From root dhā (to place, put) with prefix vi
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)