मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-69
उपनीयं गुरुः शिष्यं शिक्षयेत्शौचमादितः ।
आचारमग्निकार्यं च संध्यौपासनमेव च ॥६९॥
आचारमग्निकार्यं च संध्यौपासनमेव च ॥६९॥
69. upanīyaṁ guruḥ śiṣyaṁ śikṣayetśaucamāditaḥ ,
ācāramagnikāryaṁ ca saṁdhyaupāsanameva ca.
ācāramagnikāryaṁ ca saṁdhyaupāsanameva ca.
69.
upanīya guruḥ śiṣyam śikṣayet śaucam āditaḥ
ācāram agnikāryam ca sandhyaupāsanam eva ca
ācāram agnikāryam ca sandhyaupāsanam eva ca
69.
guruḥ upanīya śiṣyam āditaḥ śaucam ācāram
agnikāryam ca sandhyaupāsanam eva ca śikṣayet
agnikāryam ca sandhyaupāsanam eva ca śikṣayet
69.
Having initiated the student, the spiritual teacher (guru) should first teach purity, proper conduct, the fire ritual, and indeed, the daily twilight devotion.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उपनीय (upanīya) - having initiated, having led near
- गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher, spiritual preceptor
- शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - student, disciple
- शिक्षयेत् (śikṣayet) - should teach, should instruct
- शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness
- आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, first, primarily
- आचारम् (ācāram) - conduct, custom, proper behavior
- अग्निकार्यम् (agnikāryam) - fire ritual, tending the sacred fire
- च (ca) - and
- सन्ध्यौपासनम् (sandhyaupāsanam) - twilight devotion and worship
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
- च (ca) - and
Words meanings and morphology
उपनीय (upanīya) - having initiated, having led near
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Root nī (to lead) + prefix upa- + suffix -ya
Prefix: upa
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Connects actions: first initiate, then teach.
गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher, spiritual preceptor
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of guru
guru - teacher, spiritual preceptor, heavy, important
Note: Subject of `śikṣayet`.
शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - student, disciple
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śiṣya
śiṣya - student, disciple
Gerundive
From root śās (to teach) + suffix -ya
Root: śās (class 2)
Note: Object of `upanīya` and `śikṣayet`.
शिक्षयेत् (śikṣayet) - should teach, should instruct
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of śikṣ
Optative Mood
Root śikṣ (to learn/teach) in the optative mood, 3rd person singular
Root: śikṣ (class 1)
Note: Main verb of the sentence.
शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śauca
śauca - purity, cleanliness, ritual purity
Derived from śuci (pure)
Note: Object of `śikṣayet`.
आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, first, primarily
(indeclinable)
From ādi (beginning) + suffix -tas
Note: Modifies `śikṣayet`.
आचारम् (ācāram) - conduct, custom, proper behavior
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ācāra
ācāra - conduct, custom, proper behavior, tradition
From ā-car (to behave)
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Object of `śikṣayet`.
अग्निकार्यम् (agnikāryam) - fire ritual, tending the sacred fire
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of agnikārya
agnikārya - fire ritual, tending the sacred fire
Compound: agni + kārya
Compound type : tatpurusha (agni+kārya)
- agni – fire, sacred fire
noun (masculine) - kārya – to be done, duty, ritual
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
Root kṛ (to do) + suffix -ya
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Object of `śikṣayet`.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the items in the list.
सन्ध्यौपासनम् (sandhyaupāsanam) - twilight devotion and worship
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sandhyaupāsana
sandhyaupāsana - twilight devotion, worship at the junctures of day
Compound: sandhyā + upāsana (vowel sandhi ā + u = au)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sandhyā+upāsana)
- sandhyā – twilight, juncture of day and night
noun (feminine) - upāsana – worship, adoration, devotion, service
noun (neuter)
From upa-ās (to sit near, worship)
Prefix: upa
Root: ās (class 2)
Note: Object of `śikṣayet`.
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the items in the list.