मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-193
नित्यमुद्धृतपाणिः स्यात साध्वाचारः सुसंवृतः ।
आस्यतामिति चौक्तः सन्नासीताभिमुखं गुरोः ॥१९३॥
आस्यतामिति चौक्तः सन्नासीताभिमुखं गुरोः ॥१९३॥
193. nityamuddhṛtapāṇiḥ syāt sādhvācāraḥ susaṁvṛtaḥ ,
āsyatāmiti cauktaḥ sannāsītābhimukhaṁ guroḥ.
āsyatāmiti cauktaḥ sannāsītābhimukhaṁ guroḥ.
193.
nityam uddhṛtapāṇiḥ syāt sādhvācāraḥ susaṃvṛtaḥ
āsyatām iti ca uktaḥ san āsīta abhimukham guroḥ
āsyatām iti ca uktaḥ san āsīta abhimukham guroḥ
193.
nityam uddhṛtapāṇiḥ sādhvācāraḥ susaṃvṛtaḥ syāt
ca āsyatām iti uktaḥ san guroḥ abhimukham āsīta
ca āsyatām iti uktaḥ san guroḥ abhimukham āsīta
193.
He should always be ready (with raised hand), of good conduct, and well-restrained. And when instructed "Please be seated," he should sit facing the teacher (guru).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - always (constantly, always, perpetually)
- उद्धृतपाणिः (uddhṛtapāṇiḥ) - with raised hand (ready to serve) (with raised hand, having his hand lifted)
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be (should be, may be)
- साध्वाचारः (sādhvācāraḥ) - of good conduct (of good conduct, well-behaved)
- सुसंवृतः (susaṁvṛtaḥ) - well-restrained (well-controlled, well-restrained, very modest)
- आस्यताम् (āsyatām) - "Please be seated" (command) (let it be sat, please be seated)
- इति (iti) - indicating quotation (thus, in this manner, so (quotation marker))
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- उक्तः (uktaḥ) - told, instructed (said, spoken, told)
- सन् (san) - being (being, existing)
- आसीत (āsīta) - should sit (should sit, should dwell)
- अभिमुखम् (abhimukham) - facing (the teacher) (facing, towards, in front of)
- गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher (guru) (of the teacher, from the teacher)
Words meanings and morphology
नित्यम् (nityam) - always (constantly, always, perpetually)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial accusative.
उद्धृतपाणिः (uddhṛtapāṇiḥ) - with raised hand (ready to serve) (with raised hand, having his hand lifted)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of uddhṛtapāṇi
uddhṛtapāṇi - having a raised hand; ready to serve
Bahuvrīhi compound: uddhṛta (raised) + pāṇi (hand).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (uddhṛta+pāṇi)
- uddhṛta – lifted, raised, drawn out, rescued
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root dhṛ (to hold) with prefix ud
Prefix: ud
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - pāṇi – hand
noun (masculine)
Note: Predicate adjective.
स्यात् (syāt) - should be (should be, may be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Auxiliary verb for the predicate adjectives.
साध्वाचारः (sādhvācāraḥ) - of good conduct (of good conduct, well-behaved)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sādhvācāra
sādhvācāra - of good conduct, well-behaved
Bahuvrīhi compound: sādhu (good) + ācāra (conduct).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sādhu+ācāra)
- sādhu – good, virtuous, proper, excellent
adjective (masculine) - ācāra – conduct, custom, practice
noun (masculine)
From ā + car (to move, behave)
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
सुसंवृतः (susaṁvṛtaḥ) - well-restrained (well-controlled, well-restrained, very modest)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of susaṃvṛta
susaṁvṛta - well-controlled, well-restrained, very modest, properly covered
Past Passive Participle
Compound of su (good, well) + saṃvṛta (controlled, restrained).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+saṃvṛta)
- su – good, well, excellent
indeclinable - saṃvṛta – covered, restrained, controlled, closed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix sam
Prefix: sam
Root: vṛ (class 5)
आस्यताम् (āsyatām) - "Please be seated" (command) (let it be sat, please be seated)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of ās
Passive imperative form.
Root: ās (class 2)
Note: Refers to the student.
इति (iti) - indicating quotation (thus, in this manner, so (quotation marker))
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
उक्तः (uktaḥ) - told, instructed (said, spoken, told)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta
ukta - said, spoken, told, declared
Past Passive Participle
From root vac (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Participle, used with 'san' to form a nominative absolute construction ("when he is told").
सन् (san) - being (being, existing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sant
sant - being, existing, good, virtuous, real
Present Active Participle
From root as (to be).
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Adjectival form of 'to be'.
आसीत (āsīta) - should sit (should sit, should dwell)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ās
Root: ās (class 2)
Note: Main verb of the second clause.
अभिमुखम् (abhimukham) - facing (the teacher) (facing, towards, in front of)
(indeclinable)
Compound of abhi (towards) + mukha (face).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (abhi+mukha)
- abhi – towards, against, over
indeclinable - mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter)
Note: Adverbial accusative.
गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher (guru) (of the teacher, from the teacher)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of guru
guru - teacher, preceptor, elder, heavy, important, venerable
Note: Connects with 'abhimukham' (facing the teacher).