मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-102
पूर्वां संध्यां जपंस्तिष्ठन्नैशमेनो व्यपोहति ।
पश्चिमां तु समासीनो मलं हन्ति दिवाकृतम ॥१०२॥
पश्चिमां तु समासीनो मलं हन्ति दिवाकृतम ॥१०२॥
102. pūrvāṁ saṁdhyāṁ japaṁstiṣṭhannaiśameno vyapohati ,
paścimāṁ tu samāsīno malaṁ hanti divākṛtam.
paścimāṁ tu samāsīno malaṁ hanti divākṛtam.
102.
pūrvām sandhyām japan tiṣṭhan naiśam enaḥ vyapohanti
paścimām tu samāsīnaḥ malam hanti divākṛtam
paścimām tu samāsīnaḥ malam hanti divākṛtam
102.
pūrvām sandhyām japan tiṣṭhan naiśam enaḥ vyapohanti
tu paścimām samāsīnaḥ divākṛtam malam hanti
tu paścimām samāsīnaḥ divākṛtam malam hanti
102.
Standing and reciting during the morning twilight (sandhyā), one removes the transgression committed during the night. However, seated during the evening twilight (sandhyā), one eliminates the impurity caused during the day.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पूर्वाम् (pūrvām) - morning (referring to twilight) (eastern, prior, former, first, earlier, morning)
- सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - twilight prayer, morning twilight (implicitly) (twilight, juncture of day and night, junction, period of prayer)
- जपन् (japan) - reciting (mantras) (murmuring prayers, reciting silently)
- तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing (while performing the ritual) (standing, remaining, being)
- नैशम् (naiśam) - nocturnal, relating to the night (nocturnal, pertaining to night)
- एनः (enaḥ) - transgression (fault, sin, offense, transgression)
- व्यपोहन्ति (vyapohanti) - removes, dispels (removes, dispels, destroys)
- पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - evening (referring to twilight) (western, later, last, evening)
- तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand, indeed)
- समासीनः (samāsīnaḥ) - seated (while performing the ritual) (seated, sitting)
- मलम् (malam) - impurity (dirt, impurity, sin, stain)
- हन्ति (hanti) - destroys, eliminates (kills, destroys, strikes, removes)
- दिवाकृतम् (divākṛtam) - caused during the day (done during the day, daylight-made)
Words meanings and morphology
पूर्वाम् (pūrvām) - morning (referring to twilight) (eastern, prior, former, first, earlier, morning)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of pūrva
pūrva - eastern, prior, former, first, earlier, morning
सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - twilight prayer, morning twilight (implicitly) (twilight, juncture of day and night, junction, period of prayer)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of sandhyā
sandhyā - twilight, juncture of day and night, junction, period of prayer
जपन् (japan) - reciting (mantras) (murmuring prayers, reciting silently)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of japat
japat - reciting, muttering prayers
Present Active Participle
From root 'jap' (to murmur, recite)
Root: jap (class 1)
Note: Subject of the sentence, implied 'he'
तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing (while performing the ritual) (standing, remaining, being)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat
tiṣṭhat - standing, remaining, being, existing
Present Active Participle
From root 'sthā' (to stand)
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Subject of the sentence, implied 'he'
नैशम् (naiśam) - nocturnal, relating to the night (nocturnal, pertaining to night)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of naiśa
naiśa - nocturnal, relating to night
Derived from 'niśā' (night)
Note: Qualifies 'enaḥ'
एनः (enaḥ) - transgression (fault, sin, offense, transgression)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of enas
enas - fault, sin, offense, transgression, guilt
Note: Object of 'vyapohanti'
व्यपोहन्ति (vyapohanti) - removes, dispels (removes, dispels, destroys)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vyapoh
Prefixes: vi+apa
Root: ūh (class 1)
Note: Verb for the first clause
पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - evening (referring to twilight) (western, later, last, evening)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of paścima
paścima - western, later, last, evening
Note: Qualifies implied 'sandhyām'
तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand, indeed)
(indeclinable)
Note: Particle indicating contrast
समासीनः (samāsīnaḥ) - seated (while performing the ritual) (seated, sitting)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of samāsīna
samāsīna - seated, sitting
Past Passive Participle (secondary derivative from 'sam-ās' used actively)
From root 'ās' (to sit) with prefix 'sam'
Prefix: sam
Root: ās (class 2)
Note: Subject of the sentence, implied 'he'
मलम् (malam) - impurity (dirt, impurity, sin, stain)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mala
mala - dirt, impurity, sin, stain
Note: Object of 'hanti'
हन्ति (hanti) - destroys, eliminates (kills, destroys, strikes, removes)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of han
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Verb for the second clause
दिवाकृतम् (divākṛtam) - caused during the day (done during the day, daylight-made)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of divākṛta
divākṛta - done during the day
Past Passive Participle
Compound of 'divā' (during the day) and 'kṛta' (done)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divā+kṛta)
- divā – by day, daily, during the day
indeclinable - kṛta – done, made, performed
participle (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies 'malam'