मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-32
शर्मवद ब्राह्मणस्य स्याद राज्ञो रक्षासमन्वितम ।
वैश्यस्य पुष्टिसंयुक्तं शूद्रस्य प्रेष्यसंयुतम ॥३२॥
वैश्यस्य पुष्टिसंयुक्तं शूद्रस्य प्रेष्यसंयुतम ॥३२॥
32. śarmavad brāhmaṇasya syād rājño rakṣāsamanvitam ,
vaiśyasya puṣṭisaṁyuktaṁ śūdrasya preṣyasaṁyutam.
vaiśyasya puṣṭisaṁyuktaṁ śūdrasya preṣyasaṁyutam.
32.
śarmavat brāhmaṇasya syāt rājñaḥ rakṣāsamānvitam
vaiśyasya puṣṭisaṃyuktam śūdrasya preṣyasaṃyutam
vaiśyasya puṣṭisaṃyuktam śūdrasya preṣyasaṃyutam
32.
brāhmaṇasya śarmavat syāt rājñaḥ rakṣāsamānvitam syāt
vaiśyasya puṣṭisaṃyuktam syāt śūdrasya preṣyasaṃyutam syāt
vaiśyasya puṣṭisaṃyuktam syāt śūdrasya preṣyasaṃyutam syāt
32.
For a brahmin, the name should be 'śarman-like' (implying names ending in śarman, denoting happiness and protection); for a king (kṣatriya), it should be associated with protection; for a vaiśya, it should be joined with nourishment and prosperity; and for a śūdra, it should be connected with service.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शर्मवत् (śarmavat) - (a name) bearing the suffix 'śarman' or implying happiness/protection (having happiness/protection, like 'śarman')
- ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - for a brahmin (of a brahmin)
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be
- राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - for a kṣatriya (king) (of a king, of a kṣatriya)
- रक्षासमान्वितम् (rakṣāsamānvitam) - (a name) associated with protection (endowed with protection, comprising protection)
- वैश्यस्य (vaiśyasya) - for a vaiśya (of a vaiśya)
- पुष्टिसंयुक्तम् (puṣṭisaṁyuktam) - (a name) associated with nourishment and prosperity (joined with nourishment, prosperity-related)
- शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - for a śūdra (of a śūdra)
- प्रेष्यसंयुतम् (preṣyasaṁyutam) - (a name) connected with service (joined with service/servitude, subordinate)
Words meanings and morphology
शर्मवत् (śarmavat) - (a name) bearing the suffix 'śarman' or implying happiness/protection (having happiness/protection, like 'śarman')
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śarmavat
śarmavat - possessed of śarman (happiness, protection, welfare), auspicious
From śarman (neut. noun) + possessive suffix matup (vat form).
Note: Predicate adjective for an implied neuter noun like 'nāmadheyam'.
ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - for a brahmin (of a brahmin)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class
From brahman.
स्यात् (syāt) - should be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as
Optative
Optative mood, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, from root as (class 2).
Root: as (class 2)
राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - for a kṣatriya (king) (of a king, of a kṣatriya)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
n-stem noun.
Root: rāj (class 1)
रक्षासमान्वितम् (rakṣāsamānvitam) - (a name) associated with protection (endowed with protection, comprising protection)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of rakṣāsamānvitam
rakṣāsamānvitam - accompanied by protection, endowed with security
Past Passive Participle (for anvita)
Compound of rakṣā (protection) and samanvita (accompanied, endowed). samanvita is from sam-anu-i (to go along with) + kta.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rakṣā+samanvita)
- rakṣā – protection, preservation, guarding
noun (feminine)
From root rakṣ (to protect).
Root: rakṣ (class 1) - samanvita – accompanied, joined, endowed with, possessed of
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From sam-anu-i (to go along with) + kta (PPP suffix).
Prefixes: sam+anu
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Predicate adjective for an implied neuter noun like 'nāmadheyam'.
वैश्यस्य (vaiśyasya) - for a vaiśya (of a vaiśya)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - a vaiśya, one belonging to the merchant/agriculturist class
From viś.
पुष्टिसंयुक्तम् (puṣṭisaṁyuktam) - (a name) associated with nourishment and prosperity (joined with nourishment, prosperity-related)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of puṣṭisaṃyukta
puṣṭisaṁyukta - connected with nourishment, growth, prosperity
Past Passive Participle (for saṃyukta)
Compound of puṣṭi (nourishment, prosperity) and saṃyukta (joined, connected).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṣṭi+saṃyukta)
- puṣṭi – nourishment, growth, prosperity, thriving
noun (feminine)
From root puṣ (to nourish, thrive).
Root: puṣ (class 4) - saṃyukta – joined, connected, united, associated with
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From sam-yuj (to join together) + kta (PPP suffix).
Prefix: sam
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Predicate adjective for an implied neuter noun like 'nāmadheyam'.
शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - for a śūdra (of a śūdra)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a śūdra, one belonging to the servant class
प्रेष्यसंयुतम् (preṣyasaṁyutam) - (a name) connected with service (joined with service/servitude, subordinate)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of preṣyasaṃyukta
preṣyasaṁyukta - connected with a servant, denoting servitude, subordinate
Past Passive Participle (for saṃyukta)
Compound of preṣya (servant, to be sent) and saṃyukta (joined, connected). preṣya from pra-iṣ (to send forth) + ya (gerundive suffix, or agent noun). Here, it refers to the servant class.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (preṣya+saṃyukta)
- preṣya – servant, attendant, one to be sent, subordinate
noun (masculine)
Gerundive or Noun derived from root iṣ with pra prefix.
From pra-iṣ (to send forth) with ya suffix.
Prefix: pra
Root: iṣ (class 6) - saṃyukta – joined, connected, united, associated with
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From sam-yuj (to join together) + kta (PPP suffix).
Prefix: sam
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Predicate adjective for an implied neuter noun like 'nāmadheyam'.