मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-183
वेदयज्ञैरहीनानां प्रशस्तानां स्वकर्मसु ।
ब्रह्मचार्याहरेद भैक्षं गृहेभ्यः प्रयतोऽन्वहम ॥१८३॥
ब्रह्मचार्याहरेद भैक्षं गृहेभ्यः प्रयतोऽन्वहम ॥१८३॥
183. vedayajñairahīnānāṁ praśastānāṁ svakarmasu ,
brahmacāryāhared bhaikṣaṁ gṛhebhyaḥ prayato'nvaham.
brahmacāryāhared bhaikṣaṁ gṛhebhyaḥ prayato'nvaham.
183.
vedayajñaiḥ ahīnānām praśastānām svakarmasu
brahmacārī āharet bhaikṣam gṛhebhyaḥ prayataḥ anvaham
brahmacārī āharet bhaikṣam gṛhebhyaḥ prayataḥ anvaham
183.
prayataḥ brahmacārī anvaham gṛhebhyaḥ vedayajñaiḥ
ahīnānām praśastānām svakarmasu bhaikṣam āharet
ahīnānām praśastānām svakarmasu bhaikṣam āharet
183.
A self-controlled student (brahmacārī) should daily collect alms from the houses of those who are unimpaired in their Vedic rituals (yajña) and studies, and who are commendable in their own duties (karma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वेदयज्ञैः (vedayajñaiḥ) - by Vedic rituals and studies
- अहीनानाम् (ahīnānām) - of those who are not deficient/unimpaired
- प्रशस्तानाम् (praśastānām) - of those who are praised/commendable
- स्वकर्मसु (svakarmasu) - in their own duties
- ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a student, one who observes celibacy (brahmacarya)
- आहरेत् (āharet) - one should collect
- भैक्षम् (bhaikṣam) - alms
- गृहेभ्यः (gṛhebhyaḥ) - from houses
- प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - self-controlled, attentive, purified
- अन्वहम् (anvaham) - daily
Words meanings and morphology
वेदयज्ञैः (vedayajñaiḥ) - by Vedic rituals and studies
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of vedayajña
vedayajña - Vedic study and ritual (yajña)
Compound type : dvandva (veda+yajña)
- veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda
noun (masculine) - yajña – Vedic ritual, offering, sacrifice
noun (masculine)
Root: yaj (class 1)
Note: Used in the sense of 'by means of' or 'in relation to'.
अहीनानाम् (ahīnānām) - of those who are not deficient/unimpaired
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of ahīna
ahīna - not deficient, not wanting, unimpaired, complete
Negation of 'hīna' (deficient, impaired).
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+hīna)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - hīna – deficient, abandoned, inferior
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root hā 'to abandon'
Root: hā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies the 'houses' or people of the houses.
प्रशस्तानाम् (praśastānām) - of those who are praised/commendable
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of praśasta
praśasta - praised, commended, excellent, auspicious
Past Passive Participle
From root śas 'to praise' with prefix pra-
Prefix: pra
Root: śas (class 2)
Note: Also qualifies the people of the houses.
स्वकर्मसु (svakarmasu) - in their own duties
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of svakarma
svakarma - one's own action/duty (karma)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+karma)
- sva – own
pronoun (masculine) - karma – action, deed, duty, fate
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a student, one who observes celibacy (brahmacarya)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin
brahmacārin - a student living a religious life and observing celibacy, a celibate
Agent noun from 'brahmacarya' (religious student life, celibacy).
Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+carin)
- brahman – Vedic text, sacred knowledge, the Absolute (brahman)
noun (neuter) - cārin – moving, practicing, observing
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun suffix -in
From root car
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Refers to the student for whom these rules are prescribed.
आहरेत् (āharet) - one should collect
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hṛ
optative
3rd person singular optative active, root hṛ with prefix ā-
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
भैक्षम् (bhaikṣam) - alms
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaikṣa
bhaikṣa - alms, food obtained by begging
Derived from bhikṣā (begging).
गृहेभ्यः (gṛhebhyaḥ) - from houses
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling
Note: Used with verbs of movement or collecting from a source.
प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - self-controlled, attentive, purified
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prayata
prayata - self-controlled, restrained, attentive, pure, concentrated
Past Passive Participle
From root yam 'to restrain' with prefix pra-
Prefix: pra
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Qualifies brahmacārī.
अन्वहम् (anvaham) - daily
(indeclinable)
Formed from 'anu' (after) and 'ahan' (day).
Note: Adverbial.