मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-18
तस्मिन देशे य आचारः पारम्पर्यक्रमागतः ।
वर्णानां सान्तरालानां स सदाचार उच्यते ॥१८॥
वर्णानां सान्तरालानां स सदाचार उच्यते ॥१८॥
18. tasmin deśe ya ācāraḥ pāramparyakramāgataḥ ,
varṇānāṁ sāntarālānāṁ sa sadācāra ucyate.
varṇānāṁ sāntarālānāṁ sa sadācāra ucyate.
18.
tasmin deśe yaḥ ācāraḥ pāramparyakramāgataḥ
varṇānām sāntarālānām saḥ sadācāraḥ ucyate
varṇānām sāntarālānām saḥ sadācāraḥ ucyate
18.
The custom that has been transmitted through traditional succession in a particular region, applicable to the social classes (varnas) and the intermediate groups, is called virtuous conduct (sadācāra).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, in him, in her, in it
- देशे (deśe) - in the region, in the country, in the place
- यः (yaḥ) - which, who
- आचारः (ācāraḥ) - custom, conduct, practice, tradition
- पारम्पर्यक्रमागतः (pāramparyakramāgataḥ) - that which has come through a succession of traditions, traditionally transmitted
- वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (varnas) (of the social classes, of the colors)
- सान्तरालानाम् (sāntarālānām) - of those with intermediate groups, along with the intermediate castes
- सः (saḥ) - that, he
- सदाचारः (sadācāraḥ) - virtuous conduct, good custom
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, in him, in her, in it
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, this
Note: Agrees with 'deśe'.
देशे (deśe) - in the region, in the country, in the place
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of deśa
deśa - region, country, place
यः (yaḥ) - which, who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who
Note: Agrees with 'ācāraḥ'.
आचारः (ācāraḥ) - custom, conduct, practice, tradition
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāra
ācāra - custom, conduct, practice, tradition
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
पारम्पर्यक्रमागतः (pāramparyakramāgataḥ) - that which has come through a succession of traditions, traditionally transmitted
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pāramparyakramāgata
pāramparyakramāgata - having come by succession of tradition
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāramparya+krama+āgata)
- pāramparya – tradition, traditional succession
noun (neuter) - krama – succession, order, method
noun (masculine) - āgata – come, arrived, obtained
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root gam with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: gam (class 1)
वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (varnas) (of the social classes, of the colors)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - social class, color, letter
सान्तरालानाम् (sāntarālānām) - of those with intermediate groups, along with the intermediate castes
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sāntarāla
sāntarāla - having intermediate classes/groups
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+antarāla)
- sa – with, accompanied by
indeclinable - antarāla – intermediate space, interval, intermediate group/caste
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with 'varṇānām'.
सः (saḥ) - that, he
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, this
Note: Refers back to 'ācāraḥ'.
सदाचारः (sadācāraḥ) - virtuous conduct, good custom
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sadācāra
sadācāra - virtuous conduct, good custom
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+ācāra)
- sat – good, virtuous, existing
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle
From root as (to be)
Root: as (class 2) - ācāra – custom, conduct, practice, tradition
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Passive form of √vac, which changes to 'uc' in passive present.